Developers Have Many Options When It Comes To Choosing A Backend Framework. Frameworks have strengths, weaknesses, and unique features that simplify choosing the right option. 

This article will introduce you to some of the most widely used backend development frameworks. Some of these frameworks are older than others but are still commonly used in developing large applications.

Top backend Frameworks

The point to be noted is that the above frameworks have been selected without considering a specific programming language so that developers can choose the option compatible with their programming language.

This article does not recommend any of the above frameworks for projects but only introduces them. You should analyze them and choose the right option based on the project.

Laravel

Laravel is a robust backend framework written in PHP. Its special features include its simple syntax, adaptability to large teams, and the presence of various modern tools. Laravel supports a three-layer MVC architecture that allows you to control large projects reasonably. It also has a unique Migration Database system that enables access to a robust ecosystem.

As we mentioned, Laravel uses the MVC architecture system, Model, View, and Controller, which is based on separating different program layers, increasing speed and performance, and allowing you to write light and fluent PHP code.
The Artisan command line in Laravel will enable you to do complex tasks using a few simple lines of code, and Laravel’s Unit Testing tool will help you check regulations and changes and identify any weaknesses in coding.

Among the practical features of this framework, we should mention the fast and straightforward processing engine, an efficient command line interface tool for project management, a powerful template system (Blade), and sufficient documentation with practical examples.

CakePHP

CakePHP is another robust first framework for PHP. This framework has undergone many changes over time, and many features have been added to it, making CakePHP a strong framework compatible with the developments in the world of information technology.
Like Laravel, CakePHP supports the MVC framework, provides developers with many development tools, and is supported by a community of developers.

Among the practical features of the above framework, we should mention its high speed in building websites and web-based programs, many internal parts, high security, and the lack of need to perform complex configurations at the beginning of the development process.

Django

Django is a high-level Python framework for building large projects. It provides everything a backend developer needs.
This framework is so large and efficient that primary schools hold specialized training courses to teach it. Therefore, a backend developer who uses Django will not need any other libraries to build a web-based application.

Hence, it might not be the right choice if you are building a small app, as it requires a lot of configuration and offers various features that a website or web-based app might not need. Websites created using Django include Mozilla, Pinterest, Instagram, etc.
Among the practical elements of this framework, high customization, fast development, scalability, documentation, and support of a large community of developers should be mentioned.

Ruby on Rails

Ruby on Rails is a server-side framework written in the Ruby programming language. It is very similar to Django. This framework simultaneously supports two architectural patterns, MVC and DRY, which makes it suitable for building projects of different sizes. Soundcloud and GitHub are two favorite websites developed based on Ruby.
Among the practical features of the above framework, many plugins, clear and straightforward syntax, robust documentation, and high scalability should be noted.

Flask

Flask is another efficient framework that can be used in Python. Unlike Django, Flask is a lightweight framework with limited but efficient features, making it a good choice for developing small web projects. Of course, this does not mean using Flask in large projects is impossible because it can be used in large projects through various plugins. B

y default, Flask supports Jinja2 Template Engine, session management, unit testing, and efficient modules. Flask is a good choice for small projects and learning web development. Among its practical features, it should be noted that it is flexible, lighter than Django, suitable for small projects, has good documentation, and can develop prototypes quickly.

Phoenix

Phoenix is ​​a backend framework written in the Elixir programming language. Elixir is a functional programming language, so it may not be as popular as object-oriented languages, but it is possible to create efficient websites with this framework.

Phoenix is a server-side framework that offers better scalability and performance than similar examples. Its practical features include fast debugging, internal modules for managing database systems, structured architecture, sufficient documentation, and an active user community.

Express JS

Express is a fast and lightweight framework for Node. JS. This framework helps to access the basic layer of web applications. The primary layer refers to tasks and functions, such as handling HTTP requests, building APIs, etc. With ready-made packages like MEAN, developers can make the most of Express. It is not harmful to know that Uber and IBM have used the above framework to develop some web-based products.

Among the practical features of this framework, the application programming interfaces for routing are light and fast, easy to learn and implement, and have many plugins.

Symfony

Symphony is one of the most efficient PHP programming language frameworks. It is open-source and based on MVC architecture. One of the most prominent features that Symfony provides developers is the ability to use various components in other projects, saving on coding. In addition, it is compatible with most databases.

It is necessary to explain that in Symphony, the logic of the program is not separated from the front-end part. Symphony provides high flexibility to developers and bundles to modify most of the different parts of the program at will. Symphony and its libraries are so powerful that some popular PHP frameworks, such as Laravel, use Symphony features.

Spring Boot

Spring Boot is one of the most powerful frameworks for the Java programming language. It helps developers proficient in Java develop robust and interactive websites. Building and working with the above framework is not complicated, and it can be used in large-scale organizational projects.

Features such as aspectual, many modules, efficient unit testing, and dependency injection have made Spring Boot an efficient framework for Java and enterprise programming. The practical features of the above framework, such as high scalability, excellent documentation, large ecosystem, active user community, etc., should be mentioned.

Struts

Strats is another robust framework developed for the Java language, which is open source and available to developers. This framework is also based on MVC architecture and is used to build enterprise web applications.

Developers can use the above framework to interact with other Java technologies through available plugins for Strats. Strats use AJAX to build dynamic pages based on DOJO widgets. Compared to Spring, Struts is a heavy framework and is less flexible than Spring.

Hibernate

Hibernate is another Java framework primarily used for database communication. It is published as open source and is used with processes such as relational mapping of ORM objects named Object Relation Mapping. This framework is responsible for storing information in the database, allowing you to interact easily with databases because Hibernate does everything behind the scenes.

Hibernate provides an abstraction layer so that applications can efficiently work with the database. Other famous web programming frameworks, the most important of which is Blade and Drop Wizard, have been developed using the Java programming language.

ASP.NET

ASP. Net is one of the most efficient tools available to backend developers, primarily programmers who intend to build web-based applications based on the Windows ecosystem. ASP.Net is an open-source, server-side framework used for web development and supported by various libraries. ASP.Net can build web applications, pages, and different applications. ASP.Net consists of multiple components; the following three are more important.

• ASP.Net MVC: Provides complete control over HTML code. The above feature makes updating and applying changes to different sections faster and without errors. Also, this tool creates various pages and programs quickly, and it is always compatible with the latest technological changes.
• ASP.Net Web Forms: This tool provides powerful interactive libraries that allow you to work with HTML codes more simply. Designing dynamic websites with this framework is quick and professional. In addition, it brings Event-Driven programming and Views State functionality that Windows applications use to the web world through a set of controls.
• ASP.Net Web Pages: This component collects and integrates codes written by two modules convened perve and rt them into a single file. With this component, it is possible to combine JavaScript, CSS, and HTML with server codes. In addition, connecting to the database is also done.

Pyramid

Pyramid is a lightweight framework used with small and large projects. The above framework allows developers to start working on a small project and gradually scale it up. This framework even includes various Bootstrap framework tools, leaving the designer’s hand free to choose and use his tools.
It should be explained that other powerful frameworks, such as Tornado and Web2Py, have been developed for Python and are available to developers.

How to choose a framework?

When you choose a framework, if you pay attention to the following important points, you will make the right choice. Among the critical issues in this field, the following should be noted:

• Learning process: Each framework has a different structure and skeleton. Therefore, learning has its function. If you are familiar with a programming language, working with the frameworks of that language is not difficult. If you are unfamiliar with any wording ​​and frameworks, starting with Python and Django is better.
• Documentation/User Community: If you have no experience working with any framework, choosing an option with a more active and influential user community and documentation might be better. In this case, you will not face any particular problem and have access to good practical examples.
• Libraries: Some frameworks are more flexible and provide more libraries to developers, which allows them to do their work faster.
• Security: Security is a complex and essential topic in software and website development. When choosing a framework, you should know its security strengths and weaknesses well to select the framework that offers the highest level of security.
• Scalability: If you are developing a web-based application and think it will grow in the future, you should choose a framework that supports scalability.