People in IT and the Internet have heard the term “full stack developer” at least once. Some attribute the term to programmers who are fluent in both front and back coding, while others use it for someone who is active in various areas of IT.
But if we want to know the most common definition of this term, we must say that a full stack developer can code a website or application in front and back.
Front End is generally referred to as the part of a website or application that the user interacts with and interacts with. The back end is also part of a website or application communicating with the server and database.
Being a full-stack developer does not necessarily mean that you are fluent in all front-end and Back-End languages, but it does mean that you can work in both sections and understand both sections well.
If you want to become a Full stack developer, you can get acquainted with the list of skills and items that will help you. So stay tuned.
1. HTML / CSS
Almost all comprehensive programming training courses, both online and in-person, start with HTML and CSS training, as these are the two main pillars of web building. HTML lets you add content to your website, and CSS helps style that content, which allows you to style your content. The following are HTML / CSS topics that are often covered in job interviews and practical projects:
- Semantic HTML
- Introduction to CSS Box Model
- Familiarity with CSS preprocessors
- Introduction to Bootstrap
- Familiarity with CSS Media Queries for responsive writing on various devices
- Introduction to Bootstrap
2. JavaScript
JavaScript is becoming increasingly popular every year, and new libraries, frameworks, and tools are constantly being published. According to a study by Stack Overflow, JavaScript is the most popular language on both front and back. It is the only language that runs natively and perfectly in browsers and can be used well as a server-side language. Here are some of the topics you need to know as a full stack developer:
- How to work with.DOM, as well as JSON and how to make changes to it
- Important features of the programming language, such as functional composition, primary inheritance, closure, scope, and event delegation
- Asynchronous control flow and promise and callback
- Learn how to build your code structure and modulate parts of it, as well as things like Webpack and Browserify.
- Learn to work with at least one popular framework (many tutorials focus on learning one of the frameworks, like React or Angular.JS, but in fact, it is more important to have a deep understanding of JavaScript. If you understand JavaScript well, learning the frameworks will be very easy for you).
- Although some sources say that jQuery is underused or will not be used shortly, it is still used on many websites and applications and will be useful to learn.
- Learn about some of the important features of ES6.
3. Back-End languages
Once you have learned HTML/CSS and JavaScript, you will probably want to do some back-end work. All websites and online apps usually focus on a specific language in the back end, so it doesn’t matter how much language you learn. Here are some popular back-end languages, for each of which you can find many jobs:
1. Node.js: This is a great option because it is in a JavaScript environment, so you do not need to learn a new language. This makes Node.js one of the most popular backend languages.
2. Ruby: Rails and Sinatra are popular frameworks for Ruby development. Many workshops teach Ruby as the first Back-end language.
3. Python: Some of Python’s most popular development frameworks are Django and Flask.
4. Java: Java is not taught much these days, but some companies use It as a back-end language, and it is still a much-needed language.
5. PHP: PHP is rarely taught in workshops, but just like Java, it is still in high demand.
4. Databases and web storage
Once you have learned how to develop a website or an application, you may need to store and access data somewhere. so you need to know about the following topics related to databases and storage:
- Understand the benefits of communication data, for example, SQL
- Read about NoSQL databases, for example MongoDB
- Understand in which circumstances the two will be better.
- You need to know how to connect a database to your desired language. (E.g., Node.js + MongoDB).
- Understand the benefits of using In-memories such as Redis or Memcached.
- Web storage stores views, cookies, and caches stored in the browser.
- Scalable databases, ACID, and ORM (optional)
5. HTTP & REST
HTTP is a software protocol on the Internet that allows clients to communicate with the server. Some important topics to learn about are:
- What is REST, and why is it important in HTTP protocols and web applications?
- Best practices for designing Restful APIs and POST / GET requests
- Learning how to use Chrome DevTools can be very rewarding.
- What is an SSL Certificate?
- HTTP / 2 and SPDY (optional).
- WebSockets, Web Workers, and Service Workers (optional).
6. Web Application Architecture
If you want to create a multi-purpose application, you need to know how to build code, how to separate files, where you host your heavy media files, how to build data in a database, where to do computational tasks (Server side and client side), and many more. Here are some of the topics you need to learn about architecture:
- Read about platforms as a service.
- Performance optimization for modern applications and browsers.
- Web Application Design by Microsoft.
- MVC
- Most importantly, you should try to work on projects with other people. Look at popular project codes on GitHub and get as much information as you can from experienced developers.
7. Git
Git is a management system that allows developers working in a team to track all changes made to a code. It is better to learn to work completely with Git and GitHub.
8. Basic algorithms and data structure
Becoming part of a Full Stack Developer and avoiding writing the wrong code or using the wrong tools requires understanding some of the basic algorithms and data structure and the ability to analyze the business, which must be addressed. Learn, we will mention:
- Improve your skills in algorithms and data structure
- Study Hash Tables and try to understand them deeply. So, this data structure depends on objects in JavaScript. (Dictionaries are in Python, and hashes are in Ruby).
- Understand how trees and charts can be useful as data structures.
- You must know when to use an object against an array and understand exchanges.
- Understand the basics of Big-O analysis
- Learn why caching is important when working with large amounts of data.
- Learn the difference between queue and stack.