Protocols are policies or, More precisely, contracts that allow communication between networks.
The Role Of Protocol guarantees the quality of communication and ensures that information is transmitted with complete accuracy and health. In this article, we intend to review the role of protocols in the network.
What is the definition of a protocol in computer networks?
In the simplest definition, a protocol should be described as the language of computers. Typically, a network consists of several components that use their software and hardware to communicate with the network, but all network components can interact through communication protocols.
Computers need a minimum of basic information to exchange information, such as how information is formatted and how much data each party sends and receives.
For example, suppose a computer sends an 8-bit packet while the other is waiting to receive a 16-bit packet. In this case, due to heterogeneity, bandwidth is wasted; on the contrary, it causes some information to be lost. Protocols are used to solve such problems.
Network protocols allow the two parties to communicate and understand each other’s language, regardless of the hardware they use.
For example, an iPhone can send information to Android devices using standard email protocols, or a Windows computer can receive standard web protocols from a web page hosted on a Unix web server.
If two computers use the Internet Protocol (IP), they can communicate with each other; however, if one of them does not have the protocol, it will not communicate. Based on the definitions we have given, the protocol in the network refers to the set of rules that format and process data.
These rules, or in other words, the accuracy of the policies, are as follows:
For example, an iPhone can send information to Android devices using standard email protocols, or a Windows computer can receive standard web protocols from a web page hosted on a Unix web server.
If two computers use the Internet Protocol (IP), they can communicate; however, if one does not have the protocol, it will not speak.
Based on our definitions, the protocol in the network refers to the set of rules that format and process data.
These rules, or in other words, the accuracy of the policies, are as follows:
For example, an iPhone can send information to Android devices using standard email protocols, or a Windows computer can receive standard web protocols from a web page hosted on a Unix web server.
If two computers use the Internet Protocol (IP), they can communicate; however, if one does not have the protocol, it will not speak.
Based on our definitions, the protocol in the network refers to the set of rules that format and process data.
These rules, or in other words, the accuracy of the policies, are as follows:
If two computers use the Internet Protocol (IP), they can communicate; however, if one does not have the protocol, it will not speak.
Based on our definitions, the protocol in the network refers to the set of rules that format and process data.
These rules, or in other words, the accuracy of the policies, are as follows:
If two computers use the Internet Protocol (IP), they can communicate; however, if one does not have the protocol, it will not speak.
Based on our definitions, the protocol in the network refers to the set of rules that format and process data.
These rules, or in other words, the accuracy of the policies, are as follows:
- What kind of data can be transmitted?
- What commands are used to send and receive data?
- How data is transmitted.
Different protocols are used in cyberspace or the Internet, each responsible for processing a specific type of information.
Typically, protocols are examined in the OSI model and the layer to which it relates.
The most critical OSI reference model protocols are:
Physical layer protocols: At the hardware level, they perform the task of communicating between devices. These protocols include PPP, DSL, and Wi-Fi. Both devices must support the same physical layer protocol for transferring data from one device to another.
C Rvtklhay network layer: routing protocols transmit data over the Internet to play. These protocols include IPv4 and IPv6.
Transfer Layer Protocols specify how data is sent, received, and approved. This section includes TCP and UDP.
Application layer protocols include a set of instructions for specific applications. These protocols include HTTP, IMAP, and FTP. Browsers use Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) to stream packets via data encryption protocols. Email clients use the SMTP protocol to send messages over the mail server.
Network protocol segmentation
In general, network protocols are divided into the following three groups:
Communication protocols: These protocols monitor the communication process between different network devices. These protocols have various functions, the most important of which are file transfer and Internet access.
It should be noted that the protocols of this group are used in both analog and digital communication modes.
Management protocols: Network management protocols improve the performance of computer networks and optimize operations. These protocols also improve the performance of widely used network devices such as routers and switches so that devices can exchange information without delay.
Security protocols: These protocols’ main task is to encrypt packets and implement policies that prevent unauthorized individuals or devices from connecting to the network and exchanging information with it.
Types of Network Protocols
A wide range of protocols is used in local area networks, wireless, wired, wide, urban, etc., some of which are specific and used for particular purposes and some for general applications.
The following are some of the most widely used and standard network protocols:
Internet Protocol: An IP protocol is a network layer protocol responsible for routing packets.
Internet Protocol Security: The IPsec protocol encrypts and authenticates IP communications over a virtual private network. IPsec is not technically a protocol because a set of ESP protocols is called the Encapsulating Security Protocol, AH is called the Authentication Header, and SA is called the Security Associations.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): The ICMP protocol reports errors and provides a report on the state of the network. For example, if a router fails to receive a packet, it sends an ICMP message to the packet source. Some network administrators disable the above protocol to counter security attacks.
TCP is a transfer layer protocol that ensures that data is successfully delivered to the destination. TCP and IP protocols typically interact and work together. Hackers use a combination of the above protocols to implement various types of attacks, the most important of which is DDoS.
HTTP: The hypertext transfer protocol monitors and formats raw data over the network so that applications such as browsers can use it directly.
TLS / SSL: TLS and SSL protocols are a subset of the HTTPS protocol that monitors the encryption process.
UDP: Works on the transfer layer. It performs faster than TCP but has lower reliability than TCP. UDP is mainly used in video streaming and gaming, where data reception speed is essential.
SSH: The Secure Socket Shell protocol provides secure access to computers, even when the computer is connected to an insecure network. SSH is a valuable protocol for most network administrators because it allows them to communicate remotely with systems.
Telnet: This protocol allows you to communicate remotely with devices. From the Telnel Client, the user can access the command line interface on the remote device on which the Telnet Server application runs.
SMS: The Short Message Service protocol allows sending and receiving messages on the mobile network. This is a text protocol, so the MMS protocol, called Multimedia Messaging Service, is used to send images and videos.
FTAM: File Transfer Access Method protocol works in layer seven and specifies the ability to transfer files between computers on the network.
SMTP: A Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to send emails. When you send an email, the SMTP protocol transfers information from one server to another on the Internet. Simply put, SMTP sends information to a server that may use POP or IMAP protocols to send or receive emails.
SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol works at layer seven and monitors and manages networked devices on local area networks. In addition, the above protocol can manage system bandwidth and resources.
NetFlow: The NetFlow protocol monitors IP traffic flow, although it offers more network management and monitoring applications.
SMB: Protel Server Message Block works at Layer 7 and allows users to access resources and files located on servers.
DNS: The Domain Network System protocol is used to translate IP addresses into the network equivalent to their names (domain names).
PPP: The Point-to-Point protocol is used to transfer multi-protocol data between two computers that are directly connected. Because the above protocol performs data transfer in bytes, it is used in Broadband communications requiring high loading and speed. Since the above protocol works in the data link layer, the data is sent in a frame.
DHCP: The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol works in Layer 7 of the OSI model and is used dynamically to assignees to devices within the network or hosts.