{"id":1759,"date":"2020-12-05T16:09:23","date_gmt":"2020-12-05T16:09:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/?p=1759"},"modified":"2025-11-05T10:07:42","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T10:07:42","slug":"arrays-in-r-programming-language-in-simple-language","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/arrays-in-r-programming-language-in-simple-language\/","title":{"rendered":"Arrays in R Programming Language \u2014 Explained Simply"},"content":{"rendered":"

Arrays are data objects in the R programming language that can store data in more than two dimensions. For example, if we create an array of dimensions (2,3,4);<\/span><\/p>\n

This array can then be used to create four rectangular matrices, each with two rows and three columns. Arrays<\/a> can only store data types.<\/span><\/p>\n

An array is created using the Array () function. This array accepts vectors as input and creates arrays; it uses values \u200b\u200bthat are dimension<\/strong> parameters.<\/p>\n

Example<\/span><\/p>\n

The following example creates an array of three matrices, each with three rows and three columns.<\/p>\n

\n
# Create two vectors of different lengths.\r\n\r\nvector1 <- c (5,9,3)\r\n\r\nvector2 <- c (10,11,12,13,14,15)\r\n\r\n# Take these vectors as input to the array.\r\n\r\nresult <- array (c (vector1, vector2), dim = c (3,3,2))\r\n\r\nprint (result)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
When we run the above code, the following results are generated:<\/p>\n
\n
,, 1\r\n\r\n[, 1] [, 2] [, 3]\r\n\r\n[1,] 5 10 13\r\n\r\n[2,] 9 11 14\r\n\r\n[3,] 3 12 15\r\n\r\n,, 2\r\n\r\n[, 1] [, 2] [, 3]\r\n\r\n[1,] 5 10 13\r\n\r\n[2,] 9 11 14\r\n\r\n[3,] 3 12 15<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Names of rows and columns<\/h2>\n
We can arrange rows, columns, and matrices within an array; Assign<\/strong>\u00a0the desired name\u00a0using the\u00a0dimnames<\/strong> <\/a>parameter.<\/p>\n
\n
# Create two vectors of different lengths.\r\n\r\nvector1 <- c (5,9,3)\r\n\r\nvector2 <- c (10,11,12,13,14,15)\r\n\r\ncolumn.names <- c (\u201cCOL1 \u2033,\u201d COL2 \u2033, \u201dCOL3\u201d)\r\n\r\nrow.names <- c (\u201cROW1 \u2033,\u201d ROW2 \u2033, \u201dROW3\u201d)\r\n\r\nmatrix.names <- c (\u201cMatrix1 \u2033,\u201d Matrix2 \u201d)\r\n\r\n# Take these vectors as input to the array.\r\n\r\nresult <- array (c (vector1, vector2), dim = c (3,3,2), dimnames = list (row.names, column.names,\r\n\r\nmatrix.names))\r\n\r\nprint (result)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
When we run the above code, the following results are generated:<\/p>\n
\n
,, Matrix1\r\n\r\nCOL1 COL2 COL3\r\n\r\nROW1 5 10 13\r\n\r\nROW2 9 11 14\r\n\r\nROW3 3 12 15\r\n\r\n,, Matrix2\r\n\r\nCOL1 COL2 COL3\r\n\r\nROW1 5 10 13\r\n\r\nROW2 9 11 14\r\n\r\nROW3 3 12 15<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Access array members<\/h2>\n
\n
# Create two vectors of different lengths.\r\n\r\nvector1 <- c (5,9,3)\r\n\r\nvector2 <- c (10,11,12,13,14,15)\r\n\r\ncolumn.names <- c (\u201cCOL1 \u2033,\u201d COL2 \u2033, \u201dCOL3\u201d)\r\n\r\nrow.names <- c (\u201cROW1 \u2033,\u201d ROW2 \u2033, \u201dROW3\u201d)\r\n\r\nmatrix.names <- c (\u201cMatrix1 \u2033,\u201d Matrix2 \u201d)\r\n\r\n# Take these vectors as input to the array.\r\n\r\nresult <- array (c (vector1, vector2), dim = c (3,3,2), dimnames = list (row.names,\r\n\r\ncolumn.names, matrix.names))\r\n\r\n# Print the third row of the second matrix of the array.\r\n\r\nprint (result [3,, 2])\r\n\r\n# Print the element in the 1st row and 3rd column of the 1st matrix.\r\n\r\nprint (result [1,3,1])\r\n\r\n# Print the 2nd Matrix.\r\n\r\nprint (result [,, 2])<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
When we run the above code, the following result is obtained:<\/p>\n
\n
COL1 COL2 COL3\r\n\r\n3 12 15\r\n\r\n[1] 13\r\n\r\nCOL1 COL2 COL3\r\n\r\nROW1 5 10 13\r\n\r\nROW2 9 11 14\r\n\r\nROW3 3 12 15<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Employ array members<\/h2>\n
As arrays are made of matrices with different dimensions, Operations on elements are performed by accessing matrix members.<\/p>\n
\n
# Create two vectors of different lengths.\r\n\r\nvector1 <- c (5,9,3)\r\n\r\nvector2 <- c (10,11,12,13,14,15)\r\n\r\n# Take these vectors as input to the array.\r\n\r\narray1 <- array (c (vector1, vector2), dim = c (3,3,2))\r\n\r\n# Create two vectors of different lengths.\r\n\r\nvector3 <- c (9,1,0)\r\n\r\nvector4 <- c (6,0,11,3,14,1,2,6,9)\r\n\r\narray2 <- array (c (vector1, vector2), dim = c (3,3,2))\r\n\r\n# create matrices from these arrays.\r\n\r\nmatrix1 <- array1 [,, 2]\r\n\r\nmatrix2 <- array2 [,, 2]\r\n\r\n# Add the matrices.\r\n\r\nresult <- matrix1 + matrix2\r\n\r\nprint (result)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
When we run the above code, we get the following result:<\/p>\n
\n
[, 1] [, 2] [, 3]\r\n\r\n[1,] 10 20 26\r\n\r\n[2,] 18 22 28\r\n\r\n[3,] 6 24 30<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
Computations on arrays of members<\/span><\/h2>\n
Using the\u00a0apply<\/strong>() function,<\/strong> we can perform calculations on the\u00a0<\/span>members of an array.<\/p>\n
Syntax<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
apply (x, margin, fun)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
The parameters that we write in the above code are as follows:<\/p>\n
    \n
  • x is<\/strong>\u00a0an array.<\/li>\n
  • Margin is the<\/strong>\u00a0name of the data set used.<\/li>\n
  • Fun is a<\/strong>\u00a0function that must be applied to members of an array.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Example<\/strong><\/p>\n
    In the following code, we use the apply() function to calculate the sum of the elements in the rows of all matrices in an array.<\/p>\n
    \n
    # Create two vectors of different lengths.\r\n\r\nvector1 <- c (5,9,3)\r\n\r\nvector2 <- c (10,11,12,13,14,15)\r\n\r\n# Take these vectors as input to the array.\r\n\r\nnew.array <- array (c (vector1, vector2), dim = c (3,3,2))\r\n\r\nprint (new.array)\r\n\r\n# Use apply to calculate the sum of the rows across all the matrices.\r\n\r\nresult <- apply (new.array, c (1), sum)\r\n\r\nprint (result)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
    When we run the above code, we achieve the following results:<\/p>\n
    \n
    ,, 1\r\n\r\n[, 1] [, 2] [, 3]\r\n\r\n[1,] 5 10 13\r\n\r\n[2,] 9 11 14\r\n\r\n[3,] 3 12 15\r\n\r\n,, 2\r\n\r\n[, 1] [, 2] [, 3]\r\n\r\n[1,] 5 10 13\r\n\r\n[2,] 9 11 14\r\n\r\n[3,] 3 12 15\r\n\r\n[1] 56 68 60<\/pre>\n
    FAQ<\/h2>\n
    \n
    \n
    \n
    What is an array in R?<\/h3>\n
    \n\n
    An array in R is a multi-dimensional data structure where all elements are of the same type, typically used for matrices or higher dimensions.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    How do I create a 3D array in R?<\/h3>\n
    \n\n
    Use the array() function with a dim argument, e.g. my_array <- array(1:24, dim = c(2,3,4)).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    How do I access elements of an array?<\/h3>\n
    \n\n
    Use square brackets with indices for each dimension, e.g. my_array[1,2,3] to get the element at position (1,\u20092,\u20093).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Arrays are data objects in the R programming language that can store data in more than two dimensions. For example, if we create an array of dimensions (2,3,4); This array can then be used to create four rectangular matrices, each with two rows and three columns. Arrays can only store data types. An array is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1760,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[174],"tags":[3324],"class_list":["post-1759","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r-r-studio","tag-r"],"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1759","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1759"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1759\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":265013,"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1759\/revisions\/265013"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1759"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1759"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ded9.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1759"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}