This place is called the National Botanical Garden of Iran (Tehran Botanical Garden). In the crowded and polluted city of Tehran, Kejaru is a lush and quiet place where you will experience unforgettable moments and hours. 

A garden that, while exploring and having fun in its relaxing and beautiful environment; You will get acquainted with different types of flowers and plants native to Iran and the world.

This garden is the largest botanical garden in the Middle East and one of the top 10 gardens in the world, which has been built in the pastures of Chitgar Park in the west of Tehran.

History of National Botanical Garden of Iran

_{Photo source: Mizan News Agency (Photographer: Hoda Koohkan)}

We enter the garden every day / see a hundred blossoming flowers

History of the formation of the National Botanical Garden of Iran, which is the largest botanical garden in the Middle East and one of the top 10 botanical gardens in the world in terms of size; It reaches the 30s. In 1348, the design and construction of this garden was started by Iranian experts and with the cooperation of a number of foreign experts, and a comprehensive plan of the garden was designed. This garden, which is also known as the Botanical Garden of Tehran; It is managed by the National Forests and Rangelands Research Institute and is a 145-hectare complex located in the Chitgar lands of Tehran .

The National Botanical Garden has a semi-arid climate with an average annual rainfall of about 240 mm, in which native and non-native plants are grown outdoors and in greenhouses. This place plays an important role in various fields such as plant science and horticultural research, public education and educating people about the importance of plants and the need to protect them, and is used as the genetic reserve of endangered species. In this garden, by using different scientific methods, the possibility of recognizing different plant species inside and outside the country, the method of reproduction and breeding of valuable species in terms of protection and economics is provided and their distribution range is determined.

The National Botanical Garden of Iran is the largest botanical garden in the Middle East and one of the top 20 botanical gardens in the world.

In designing this botanical garden in Tehran, an attempt has been made to simulate the natural landscapes of the three mountains of Zagros, Alborz and the Himalayas, and also six rivers and a lake have helped to create the natural atmosphere of the garden. Other attractions of the garden are two waterfalls whose water falls from the height and edge of the rock. Stones with wide, round and vertical shapes are also placed between the elements of water and plants to evoke the natural environment.

In Far Eastern gardening, away from the beauty of the color, the leaves of trees and flowers are used as permanent shrubs to create beautiful landscapes. Therefore, in the National Botanical Garden, an attempt has been made to create beautiful and significant landscapes by using plants both individually and in groups. The combination of plants while maintaining the centrality of the lake is a prominent feature of this environment. Species of this collection include conifers, evergreens, deciduous species with a variety of autumn colors, and flowering shrubs.

Where is the National Botanical Garden of Iran?

The National Botanical Garden of Iran is one of the sights of Tehran  , which is located on the southern slope of the Alborz mountain range in Chitgar lands, in the northwest of Tehran and along the Tehran-Karaj highway (Pikanshahr).

_{Photo source: Mizan News Agency (Photographer: Hoda Koohkan)}

The route to the National Botanical Garden of Iran

_{Photo source: Iran Photo Agency (Photographer: Vahid Sheikhi)}

There are two ways to reach the Tehran Botanical Garden:

• Route 1: Tehran Karaj Highway, Peykanshahr Exit, Sarv Azad Town, Shahid Goodarzi St., West 8th St.
• Route 2: Iran Khodro Metro Station, Sarvazad Town, Shahid Goodarzi St., West 8th St.
• Access by metro: You can also go to the botanical garden by metro, get off at Iran Khodro or Wardavard station and continue the route by taxi or bus or walk to the botanical garden.

Address of National Botanical Garden of Iran: Tehran Highway, Karaj, Peykanshahr Exit, Sarv Azad Town, Shahid Ali Goodarzi St., Boulevard of National Botanical Garden of Iran, Forests and Rangelands Research Institute ( see on the map ).

Different sections of the National Botanical Garden of Iran

Collection

_{Photo source of Pana News Agency (Photographer: Bahman Sadeghi)}

Iranian Botanical Garden collections are collected and maintained for the purposes of education, research and display. Of the habitats designed in this garden, seven habitats include Hyrkani habitat, Zagros habitat, South Alborz habitat, Iranian-Turanian habitat, Southern Iran greenhouse, Iranian onion garden, Native orchard related to Iran and 6 habitats including European habitat, American lawns, The habitat of the Caucasus, the habitat of the Himalayas, the habitat of China and Japan belong to the world.

There are also eight collections and theme gardens including educational and theatrical pieces, systematic garden, garden of medicinal and industrial plants, arberatum, forest and promenade (shakai), rock garden and ornamental plants, central square of rose garden and four Persian gardens and evergreen broadleaves in There is this garden. Most parts of the Iranian garden have been formed so far and only a small part of the tropical greenhouse will be created in the future.

Habitats of Iran

Hyrcanian habitat

Caspian vegetation complex is one of the most important and oldest forest complexes in the National Botanical Garden of Iran. The implementation of this complex has started since 1351 and herbaceous and woody plants have been continuously collected and planted in the plains and intermediates of the Caspian forest heights.

According to the statistics of 2009, there are 64 species of trees and shrubs and 29 plant families in this complex. This complex has 5,024 trees and consists of 11 pieces that have been fenced with boxwood by paths on both sides. The area of ​​this complex is eight hectares and its lake is over one hectare.

Zagros habitat

_{Photo source: Mehr News Agency}

This habitat is one of the other indigenous forest complexes in the botanical garden, which has been created in an area of ​​about three hectares in the form of a mound. The highest point of this hill is more than 10 meters high. The executive and complementary operations of this complex started in 1988 and it is a subset of the Iranian-Turanian vegetation zone.

This complex, which is covered with woody and herbaceous species of Zagros forests and is divided into six parts, is separated from each other by paved gardens. Currently, there are 42 species of wood and 30 species of grass in this collection, the main tree elements of which are the three main species of Persian oak, mazodar and violin.

South Alborz habitat

_{Photo source: Mehr News Agency} 

The habitat of South Alborz is one of the collections that have been inspired by the nature of the southern slopes of the central Alborz mountain range. To build a botanical garden, many measures such as shaping the shape of the earth, making suitable topographic changes, constructing hills, establishing a flow of water in a closed circuit, creating waterfalls, springs, streams and rivers, reservoirs, swamps and ponds, installing volumes to create rocks Made natural. These measures, which have been carried out in an intensive period from 2001 to 2004, have simulated the environmental conditions for the growth and production of plants as their habitat.

The transfer of the key plants of this collection from natural areas for four years (2004 to 2008) has lasted and more than 240 plant species have been collected. This collection is currently one of the richest and most beautiful plant collections in the National Botanical Garden.

Iranian-Turanian habitat

_{Photo source: Mehr News Agency} 

This habitat of the Iranian Botanical Garden aims to collect, cultivate, preserve and display the important and important plants of the Iranian-Turanian growing area. This area, which covers a large part of the country, is bounded on the north by the foothills of the Alborz Mountains and the northern mountains of Khorasan, on the south by the Sahara-Sindi region, on the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, and on the west by the Zagros Mountains.

Plant species have been considered for this area, which have been separated by creating garden paths, and saline species of desert areas have been planted around the water-rich lake of this region.

Greenhouse in southern Iran

_{Photo source: Mehr News Agency}

The construction of the greenhouse in the south of Iran, the botanical garden, was completed in 2009 and consists of three separate parts:

• Part 1: For mangrove tree seedlings
• Middle part: which has a higher height than the two lateral parts and has more light conditions, for tree species in southern Iran such as palm, side, melon and shish, etc.
• End section: which includes three gardens for plants such as lotus and scorpion treatment and so on

The seedlings of the trees and shrubs of this complex have been collected from the southern regions of the country and transferred to this greenhouse.

Persian onion garden

_{Photo source: IRNA News Agency (Mustafa Taghazaei)}

The design of the Iranian onion garden, which has an area of ​​2,110 square meters, has been implemented by Iranian and foreign experts since 1973 on the eastern side of the rock garden. The purpose of constructing this garden in the Botanical Garden is to collect, maintain and cultivate native onion plants of Iran. In this region, onion, rhizome and tuberous plants have been collected from different regions of Iran and have been planted based on the variety of habitat, rainfall and light direction.

In this garden, 21 species of onion plants have been planted, and by installing a metal fence around the garden area, the invasion of annoying animals that feed on onions and plant roots has been prevented. To simulate the environment of this complex with the environment of plants, arable soil along with sand, gravel, rotten cattle manure and leaf soil has been used.

Native orchard

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Native orchard was established in 1374 on a 4.5 hectare land in the botanical garden. The purpose of this garden is to educate, preserve and introduce the native cultivars of fruit trees. The objectives of creating this collection in detail are:

• Creating a collection of native fruit trees and shrubs for horticultural research

• Creating an educational background for visitors to get acquainted with the diversity of native fruits and the morphology of the collected cultivars

• Preservation of the country’s genetic reserve and reproduction of endangered native fruit species

Fruits kept in this garden include grapes, figs, azaleas, pomegranates, cherries, cherries, plums, pistachios, berries, hawthorn, apricots, apples, olives, elm, pears, walnuts, hazelnuts, peaches, nectarines, jujube and thyme. Is.

The design and planting of plant species in this region is based on the two main groups of nucleators and seed growers in the two axes from south to north to consider the necessary proportions in terms of tree mass volume, canopy, flowering time and aesthetic similarities. At present, the collected cultivars in the orchard are 346 cultivars and there are a total of 845 trees and shrubs.

In the northern part of the garden, there is a water storage lake, from which a river branches and passes through the middle part of the garden. This river continues to the Caspian Sea located in the forest complex of the Caspian habitat. Ornamental flowers have been planted around the lake.

Habitats of the world

European habitat

_{Photo source: Pana News Agency (Photographer: Bahman Sadeghi)}

The European plant collection with an area of ​​about 4.2 hectares is limited from the south to the Caspian part, from the east to the spectacular part, from the west to the river and the evergreen broadleaf collection and from the north to the main axis of the botanical garden. The entrance of this piece with a designed entrance, combining the fence with brick columns and climbing roses and clematis, divides this complex into two symmetrical parts.

These two sections include the sidewalk, oval fountain, lawns, dome-shaped hills covered with perennial and seasonal herbaceous plants, along with trees and shrubs. Planting of plants in this complex has started since 2004 and the number of plants in this complex is increasing every year.

American lawns

_{Photo source: IRNA News Agency (Mustafa Taghazaei)}

The American plant collection, which is located on an area of ​​1.4 hectares, includes tree cover, shrubs and herbaceous plants of North American grasslands, which have been planted since 2005. At present, there are more than 40 annuals to perennials in this seed collection, of which about 35 species have adapted to the existing conditions.

The plants planted in this section bloom from spring to mid-autumn and have given a unique perspective to the botanical garden.

Caucasus habitat

_{Photo source: National Botanical Garden of Iran}

Caucasus Plant Collection Iran Botanical Garden, with an area of ​​three hectares adjacent to the Caspian Sea, is intended for planting Caucasian plant species. The area is divided into five sections by two-meter-wide cobbled sidewalks. The eastern and northern parts have tall mazo and averi trees, the southeastern part has free trees, the western and southwestern parts have a growing set of maple species and the northwestern part has rainforest trees. The construction of this area started in 2006 and a strip of lime trees has been planted from the southeast to the north.

Himalayan habitat

_{Photo source: Mehr News Agency}

The Himalayan habitat is located on a plot of land with an area of ​​about three hectares on the eastern side of the National Botanical Garden of Iran. The construction of this collection has been done with the following goals:

• Complete botanical garden collections for public viewing
• Increasing the plant diversity of foreign species adapted to the climatic conditions of Iran
• Provide a natural environment for experts and people
• Creating a field for research and research on new species by researchers

In this area, by installing a number of hills, an attempt has been made to form the natural shape of the Himalayan region, which unfortunately, due to limited facilities, has not been 100% possible. Plant species in this area include evergreen and deciduous plants.

Habitat of China and Japan

_{Photo source: Mehr News Agency}

Far Eastern gardening style (China and Japan) like Iranian gardening style is one of the most famous gardening styles that has played an effective role in shaping European gardens. Due to its large population and lack of land, this style of gardening has always been done in miniature and based on small spaces. In designing these gardens, an attempt has been made to imitate nature and to do topography and afforestation in such a way that it resembles a natural landscape on a smaller scale.

The habitat of China and Japan in the National Botanical Garden of Iran is built on a land area of ​​2.3 hectares, which includes 160 species of trees and shrubs. In this area, the design of green space (axis, form, texture, scale, color, repetition, diversity and balance) has been observed and efforts have been made to use the elements of stone, water and plants to the desired extent.

Thematic collections

Thematic collections of the National Botanical Garden include items in which plants are grouped according to specific application or species. The thematic collections include the following.

Educational and theatrical piece

_{Photo source: Mehr News Agency}

The educational and theatrical plot in the garden of the Botanical Museum of Tehran has an area of ​​about 1.5 hectares and was established in 1989. This complex has an orchard of onions and tubers of aromatic and herbaceous plants, a vegetable garden of Iran, a traditional Iranian orchard, a pond of aquatic plants, as well as several parts for testing plants in different conditions. Experimental substrates for cover plants, cover cover plants in dry and shade, annual and creeper plant tests are among them.

In this show garden, several examples of gardens with small areas have been designed and cultivated, which shows a special pattern for creating green space in homes. In this section, in addition to using formable plants to create beauty in various forms, sidewalks with various designs and materials such as bricks, carcass stones and polygonal concrete blocks have been used.

Systematic garden

Photo source: Mizan News Agency (Photographer: Mahnaz Rahimlou)

Systematic Garden The Botanical Garden of Iran, which has an area of ​​4.8 hectares, has a collection of plants of different genera with a special order and based on classification systems. The arrangement and planting of different plants in this complex is based on the evolutionary course and their order is based on the origin of plant groups from ancient to new and the closeness between them.

The educational and research value of the systematic garden is so great that since the 18th century (Josio brothers in the garden of Trianon, France) in some developed countries, such collections have been established. Among the results obtained from the construction of a systematic garden are:

• Establishment of more than 600 species from 100 plant families
• Providing a place for students of agricultural and plant sciences
• Providing a valuable collection of different species and families for educational and research purposes
• Possibility of continuous visits of the general public and their familiarity with various plant species and their value in the environment

Garden of industrial and medicinal plants

_{Photo source of Pana News Agency (Photographer: Bahman Sadeghi)}

The construction of the infrastructure of this section, which was designed in 1373 and with an area of ​​five hectares, has lasted for thirteen years and includes landscaping, construction of access and garden, replacement and improvement of planting soil in agricultural plots, land change, construction of irrigation system. Under the pressure of sprinkling method, the construction of water circulation complex includes springs, streams and ponds and the construction of greenhouses and pavilions. Some of the plant materials in this section are related to the country and some seeds and seedlings have been prepared from abroad.

The great diversity of plants in this section, which includes herbaceous plants with medicinal, aromatic or industrial uses, has made it one of the most beautiful and pleasant landscapes of the botanical garden for visitors. In this section, an attempt has been made to carry out the process of planting and maintaining plants of natural origin; For this purpose, a set of farm plots inspired by the shape of a distillation machine is designed and the water that boils as a spring from the heart of the earth, passes through a stream through the plants and leads to a pond where aquatic plants are planted. The species established in this section are from 90 different genera.

In addition, other decorative elements, such as the pedestrian bridge over the creek near the water lilies, combined with the red fish in the pond and the colorful flowers and blossoms that scent the air, have doubled the beauty of this part of the national vegetation garden.

Arbratum

_{Photo source: Mizan News Agency (Photographer: Hoda Koohkan)}

This complex is located in the southwest side of the National Botanical Garden and has an area of ​​about 14 hectares. In this section, different species of trees, shrubs and shrubs have been considered. The purpose of planting them was to introduce native and non-native species and to create a suitable platform for accessing research, educational and recreational facilities.

This complex started in 1997 with the construction of two lakes, springs and ponds that are connected by a river. Asphalt roads with a length of 720 meters, a garden road with a length of 6,400 meters and a width of two meters and three bridges over the river are other visual attractions of this section. The executive operation of this department ended in 2006.

Forest and promenade (Shakai)

Photo source: Mizan News Agency (Photographer: Hoda Koohkan)

The forest on the north side of the Iranian Botanical Garden, with an area of ​​about 24 hectares, has been constructed to accommodate visitors in a suitable place with tall and shady trees. The trees in this section include sycamore, walnut, maple pellet, pine, acacia, zarbin, purple, daghdaghan, lilac, wild pomegranate, marshmallow, spruce, poplar and a variety of shrubs such as Japanese, lace, pomegranate, yellow jasmine, etc. . This section is divided into two parts of forest and promenade by the orchard and water storage lake, which have an area of ​​10 and 14 hectares, respectively. The irrigation system is drip irrigation in the forest and sprinkler irrigation in the walkway.

The complex also has a pavilion, a restaurant and a toilet for the well-being of visitors. The four pavilions, which are 50 to 70 meters apart, have an irregular octagonal plan, a sloping roof, and a pergola-style skylight.

The forest of this complex was established in 1974 with the planting of more than 30 species of trees and shrubs and a 300-meter-long road divides it into two parts, west and east. In the eastern part, sports complexes including a football field and a volleyball court have been built for the use of employees.

Rocky garden

_{Photo source: Mehr News Agency}

This section is one of the oldest collections of botanical gardens, whose ornamental plants are mainly produced from abroad and includes three sections of rock, waterfall and show plants in an area of ​​about 6.6 hectares. The rock garden is located on a land in the shape of a mound and the rocks used in it are collected from the surrounding mountains.

This complex has several hills that are separated from each other by rocks and boulders and different plant species have been planted among them. Other parts of this complex include a pond, a two-meter waterfall, aquatic plants such as lotus, lily and lily. There are more than 70 species of trees and shrubs and more than 200 species of biennials and perennials in this section.

Central Square, Iranian Rose Garden and Chaharbagh

_{Photo source of Pana News Agency (Photographer: Bahman Sadeghi)}

This complex with an area of ​​about 7.5 hectares is located in the center of the National Botanical Garden of Iran and next to the collections of Arberatom, USA, Systematic and Caucasus. The executive operation of this section was completed in 2005 and the planting of plants in this section has started from the same year and continues until now.

In the northern part of this section, stepped fountains have been built, on both sides of which there are symmetrically two gardens on each step and a total of 18 gardens. The plants of these gardens are a combination of seasonal plants and cover plants, and in the center of the square, there is a rose garden, in the middle of which a large fountain has been built. There are water streams on all four sides of this fountain. The gardens of the central square are dedicated to the rose garden, which includes eight triangular gardens and four arched gardens.

In the botanical garden, the Persian garden project has been implemented by planting cypress trees in Shiraz

In total, more than 80 types of roses are planted in this section, which have different species and colors and bloom from early spring to mid-autumn. The species are single-branched and have little resistance to disease, but wild roses are sparse and, despite short flowering, resistant to a variety of pests and diseases.

In the North Boulevard design, an attempt has been made to associate the design of the Iranian garden by planting plants such as Shiraz cypress along with landscaping.

Evergreen broadleaves

_{Photo source: Tehran Photo Agency (Photographer: Ahmad Aghasiani)}

The construction of this complex, located on the northern side of the Caucasus and covers an area of ​​1.6 hectares, began in 2005. The plants of this section are native and non-native evergreen trees and shrubs.

Satellite gardens

_{Photo source: Mizan News Agency (Photographer: Mahnaz Rahimlou)}

The National Botanical Garden of Iran also has several satellite gardens. Nowshahr Botanical Garden is the oldest botanical garden in the country, Zagros Botanical Garden in Khorramabad, Fadak Botanical Garden in Dezful, Medicinal Plants Garden in Hamedan and Kashan and Yazd Desert Garden Plants are among the satellite gardens of Iran Botanical Garden.

Facilities of the National Botanical Garden of Iran

_{Photo source: IRNA News Agency (Mustafa Taghazaei)}

The botanical garden also has facilities for the well-being of visitors:

• Possibility of buying and training flowers and plants
• Cafe, restaurant, pavilion, parking, prayer hall and bathroom

The best time to go to the National Botanical Garden of Iran

_{Photo source: Mizan News Agency (Photographer: Mahnaz Rahimlou)}

The butler goes to the hadith of cypress, flower and tulip

Hafiz

Spring is the time to go to the heart of nature and see the beautiful beauties and what better place than a lush garden with colorful flowers and freshness and infinity. But seeing the beauties of Tehran Botanical Garden in autumn is also very indescribable, so we suggest you visit the Botanical Garden in autumn and enjoy the spectacular festival of its colors.

Also, in Tehran Botanical Garden, various festivals are held in different seasons of the year, and you can visit this garden during the spring and autumn rose-picking festivals, which coincide with the beautiful and spectacular flowering of chrysanthemums.

Rules of visiting the National Botanical Garden of Iran

_{Photo source: Tehran Photo Agency (Photographer: Ahamad Aghasiani)}

The National Botanical Garden is a place to preserve some of the endangered species of our country and it is difficult to maintain these species. Many plant species are very vulnerable and sometimes impossible to compensate. For this purpose, visiting this museum garden is accompanied by special conditions and rules that are listed on the garden map and are as follows:

• Avoid picking flowers and plants.
• Walk only on sidewalks and streets and avoid entering cultivated areas and lawns.
• Be careful of plants when taking pictures; It is also not possible to use a tripod for photography.
• Avoid approaching separate lakes and waterfalls.
• Put the garbage in the trash.
• Follow and follow the warnings and instructions of officials and experts.
• Take care of irrigation systems and networks.
• The water on the garden surface is not drinkable. Visit the buffet in different parts of the garden to prepare mineral water.
• It is forbidden to hang or use tree trunks to tie the rope.
• The location of the toilets is marked on the garden map.
• It is forbidden to light a fire in any way.
• Cooking in the garden is forbidden and eating is only possible as a light snack, and it is better to have lunch in the restaurant of the botanical garden.
• A short break for visitors is indicated on the map. Please use only these areas to sit and relax.
• The botanical garden is not a playground. It is forbidden to bring play equipment (balls, badminton, etc.) to the garden.

Working hours and buying tickets for Tehran Botanical Garden

_{Photo source: Mizan News Agency (Photographer: Hoda Koohkan)}

• Tehran Botanical Garden working hours: every day from 9 am to 18:30; Ticket sales until 16:30
• Tehran Botanical Garden Ticket Price: The ticket price for this collection in 1399 is 12,500 thousand Tomans. If you buy a Botanical Garden Ticket through the site of this collection, you can enjoy a discount and buy it for 9,500 Tomans. .
• Contact number: 5-447787282 (021)

Insect Museum of the National Botanical Garden of Iran

_{Photo source: Tasnim News Agency (Photographer: Mehdi Shah Mohammadi)}

The Insect Museum of the National Botanical Garden of Iran was opened in 1397 and has two sections: the Scientific Museum and the Theatrical Museum. In this museum, more than 30,000 specimens of different species of insects from Iran and other parts of the world are kept in this museum and are on display.

The Theatrical Museum consists of seven orders and more than 60 different families of insects. The orders in the Theatrical Museum include butterflies, hard-winged, semi-winged, chains, straight-winged (locusts and circuses), large-winged, sheiks, airplanes (dragonflies and millstones), and pheasants.