AMD And Intel Are Two Major Processor Manufacturers And Competitors; In This Article, We Are Going To Compare The Types Of Processors Of These Two Companies And Their Manufacturing Technology.

AMD And Intel Processors; All Technical Specifications And Features, The processor or CPU is one of the equipment in processing systems such as computers, laptops, or servers, which plays an essential role in the operation of these devices; In fact, the processor can be considered as the brain of the computer, which is responsible for directing system instructions to the rest of the components.

The processor controls control, calculations, and communication between system parts; Even if the hardware parts of the system are advanced, but that system is not equipped with a powerful processor, we will encounter a disturbance in the system’s performance, and we will not get high performance.

The processor is a fixed component in the systems, but other equipments such as RAM and hard disk are upgradeable in many cases. For this reason, accuracy in choosing the processor type is critical.

AMD and Intel are two long-standing and fierce processor competitors with a long history of producing semiconductors. Of course, in the meantime, Apple also makes processors, but these processors are exclusively used in Apple’s products; Therefore, if you are planning to buy a laptop or computer outside the Apple ecosystem, choosing between Intel or AMD processors can be challenging for you.

The competition between Intel and AMD is one of the biggest competitions in the technology world, and from 2003 (1382) to 2017 (1396), this competition was wholly one-sided and in favor of Intel. Intel is one of the oldest processor manufacturing giants, also known as the blue team, because of the blue color used in its logo.

In 2017, AMD became a prominent brand by introducing Ryzen processors and enhancing its role in the processor market. The low performance and very high temperature of AMD processors were the two weak factors of this company compared to Intel. The red color of the AMD logo and its competition with the blue team made the users of this manufacturer sometimes call the red team. In the future, stay with us to introduce the types of Intel and AMD processors and compare them.

The oldest competition in the world of technology

The rivalry between Intel and AMD dates back almost 50 years. Intel is slightly older than AMD; This company was founded in 1968 (1347) by Bob Noyes and Gordon Moore, and six years after its establishment, in 1974, it produced the 8080 processor. This processor provided a platform for the blue team’s x86 processors, considered the basis of desktop processors for nearly 30 years.

Changing the x86 brand name to Pentium helped Intel become a familiar name to the general public; Therefore, Intel continued to rule in this field for many years with its high computing power and long life of its processors.

Founded a year after Intel in 1969, AMD is much smaller than Intel and doesn’t make its processors but designs them and outsources the manufacturing.

Unlike Intel, AMD outsources the production of its processors.

The rivalry between AMD and Intel deepened with the launch of Red Team’s GPU unit in 2006, and AMD was able to offer its GPUs with the same processor and integrated chip (APU). Although Intel had achieved integrated chip manufacturing technology before AMD, this achievement was considered a big step forward for the red team; Because integrated graphics cards could reduce temperature and energy consumption, AMD has a significant competitive advantage in the mobile equipment market.

The battle between Intel and AMD continues, and regardless of which team wins this battle, this competition has positively affected the development of processor manufacturing technology. AMD is progressing faster today than Intel, highlighting the blue team’s weaknesses. In the following, we will learn more about the types of AMD and Intel processors and their applications.

AMD processors

AMD generally produces two types of processors: processor (CPU) and integrated chip (APU) – APU is an advertising name for AMD processors equipped with integrated Radeon graphics and the processing unit.

The Ryzen series can perhaps be introduced as the main series of AMD processors; The company has raised five generations of Ryzen processors to the market so far, but there are a total of six generations of this series: 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 and 6000.

AMD processor price

AMD has used the Zen3 architecture for the 4000 and 5000 series, and the 4000 series belongs to the Zen3 architecture complex chips. Unlike the 5000 series, it is only available to manufacturers of laptops and prefabricated computers. 6000 series with Zen3 Plus architecture is used only in notebooks.

The naming of AMD processors

The naming of AMD processors is not as complicated as the naming of Intel processors. The suffixes in the names of this company’s products and the characteristics they indicate are the same in all series and are not different.

In the case of Ryzen processors, the naming system consists of a combination of brand name, processor family, generation, performance ID, SKU number, and sometimes a suffix; A higher performance ID indicates more processor power. In the table below, we introduce all the possible suffixes in naming AMD processors and what they mean:

Suffix	Specifications
G	Processor equipped with Radeon Vega integrated graphics
GE	Low power processor equipped with Radeon Vega integrated graphics
X	Desktop processor with a high base frequency
XT	Desktop processor with high base frequency and better performance than X
S	Low-power desktop processor with integrated Radeon Vega graphics
H	Powerful mobile processor with Radeon Vega integrated graphics
HS	Powerful laptop processor with Radeon Vega integrated graphics and lower consumption.
U	Low power mobile processor and low base frequency
AF	The first generation processor of 12 nm architecture and improved Zen

Ryzen series processors

The Ryzen series includes AMD’s most popular processors since its inception. After several years of low presence in the processor market, AMD finally re-entered the competition scene in 2017 by introducing the new Zen architecture and using it in Ryzen processors. AMD Ryzen series processors, like Intel Core series processors, are sold in four models 3, 5, 7, and 9. The desktop versions of these processors are currently produced with 7nm architecture and their mobile versions with TSMC’s 6nm architecture. Intel still uses the 10nm architecture to make its processors.

Ryzen 3 processors

Ryzen 3 is this series’s most affordable processor model, which, in addition to providing acceptable performance, is also compatible with low-end computers. These processors are used in light gaming and home computers and are competitors of Intel’s Core i3 series processors. Ryzen 3 processors have enough power to process everyday and regular computing tasks and are cheaper than Core i3 processors. These processors are in two simple series equipped with a graphics unit (APU) and primarily quad-core.

Ryzen 5 processors

Ryzen 5 is AMD’s mid-range processor series that offers good performance at a reasonable price. The processors of this series are direct competitors to Intel’s Core i5 processors, and they can use in budget workstations or light and high-end gaming systems. The single-core performance of Ryzen 5 processors is equal to the most powerful processors of this family, and they are often 4 or 6 cores.

Ryzen 7 processors

Ryzen 7 is a very efficient processor from the Ryzen family and is a fierce competitor to Intel’s Core i7 series processors. Ryzen 7 processors produce 4, 6, or 8 cores and can process intensive and heavy calculations.

Ryzen 7, known as the flagship series of AMD processors in the past, provides high performance in home computers. This series is also used in workstations, professional gaming computers, and content production systems.

Ryzen 9 processors

Ryzen 9 is the most potent processor series of the Ryzen family, which has a very high speed, and its main competitor can be the Intel Core i9 series. This AMD flagship processor series can perform very intensive and challenging computing processes efficiently and is much more efficient than a gaming processor. Considering that fans of this processor series usually buy a separate graphics card for their system, AMD has not released an integrated chip from this series.

Ryzen Threadripper processors

Ryzen Threadripper was introduced in August 2017 to perform heavy processing and compete with Intel’s Xeon series processors. The number of cores in this processor series reaches 64 in some cases. It supports a four-channel DDR4 RAM slot and has a cache memory of 80 MB. The dimensions of Ryzen Threadripper processors are more significant than other AMD processors, so more silicon parts and cores can place on them.

Currently, the processor processors on the market are developed with Zen2 architecture and TSMC 7nm lithography. However, there are also versions based on the Zen3 architecture of this series, but AMD has made them available only to leading equipment manufacturers.

Athlon series processors

Athlon series processors are one of the oldest AMD processors, produced first in 1991 for desktop computers. At that time, AMD introduced Athlon processors to compete with Intel’s Pentium series. Still, today these processors are only sold as an integrated chip (APU) and are suitable for users who want a system with light processing power at the lowest cost.

Pro and Epyc series processors

AMD also produces other processors that target the business segments of the market.

Pro series is a brand name for several series of AMD processors designed for enterprises. Each Ryzen, Threadripper, and Athlon series have processors from the Pro family that focus on user security and provide many security features such as Memory Guard for simultaneous system memory encryption and Shadow Stack hardware-level protection against attacks. In addition, the Pro series offers advanced enterprise support and other capabilities at the operating system level.

The Epyc series is a set of AMD server processors that are only available to companies and component manufacturers; This processor series is an improved version of the Threadripper series, which was introduced in June 2017 exclusively for use in servers.

Epyc series processors are available in three models 7001, 7002, and 7003, the first in 2017 with the Naples code name and Zen1 architecture, the second in 2019 with the Rome code name and Zen2 architecture, and the third in 2021 with the Milan code name and Zen3 architecture. These processors have a maximum of 64 cores and 128 threads, and their consumption power reaches 280 watts.

AMD processors
Processor series	Processor type	core/string	Power	models		architecture
				CPU	APU
Ryzen 3 (economical)	desktop	4 cores / 4 strings	65 watts	Ryzen 3 1200, Ryzen 3 Pro 1200, Ryzen 3 Pro, Ryzen 3 Pro 1300, Ryzen 3 1300X	Ryzen 3 2200GE, Ryzen 3 Pro 2200GE, Ryzen 3 2200G, Ryzen 3 Pro 2200G	Zen architecture (1000 series – first generation – Summit Ridge); 2000 series (Raven Ridge), integrated chips or APUs with four cores and in two types of ordinary with 35 W power consumption and advanced with 65 W power consumption
Ryzen 5 (mid-range)	desktop	4 and 6 cores / 8 and 12 threads	65 and 95 watts	Ryzen 5 1400, Ryzen 5 Pro 1500, Ryzen 5 1500X, Ryzen 5 1600, Ryzen 5 Pro 1600, Ryzen 5 1600X	Ryzen 5 2400GE, Ryzen 5 Pro 2400GE, Ryzen 5 2400G, Ryzen 5 Pro 2400G
Ryzen 7 (flagship)	desktop	Eight cores/16 threads	65 and 95 watts	Ryzen 7 1700, Ryzen 7 Pro 1700, Ryzen 7 1700X, Ryzen 7 1800X	–
Ryzen Threadripper (Professional)	desktop	8, 12 and 16 cores / 16, 24 and 32 threads	180 watts	Ryzen Threadripper 1900X, Ryzen Threadripper 1920X, Ryzen Threadripper 1950X	–
Ryzen 3 (economical)	desktop	4 cores / 4 strings	65 watts	Ryzen 3 1200 AF, Ryzen 3 2300X	Ryzen 3 Pro 3200GE, Ryzen 3 3200G, Ryzen 3 Pro 3200G	Zen + architecture (2000 series – the second generation – Pinnacle Ridge); 3000 series (Picasso), integrated chips or APUs with four cores and in two types, normal with a power consumption of 35 watts and advanced with power consumption between 45 and 65 watts
Ryzen 5 (mid-range)	desktop	4 and 6 cores / 8 and 12 threads	46, 65, and 95 watts	Ryzen 5 2500X, Ryzen 5 2600E, Ryzen 5 1600 AF, Ryzen 5 2600, Ryzen 5 2600X	Ryzen 5 Pro 3350GE, Ryzen 5 Pro 3350G, Ryzen 5 Pro 3400GE, Ryzen 5 3400G, Ryzen 5 Pro 3400G
Ryzen 7 (flagship)	desktop	Eight cores/16 threads	45, 65, 95, and 105 watts	Ryzen 7 2700E, Ryzen 7 2700, Ryzen 7 Pro 2700, Ryzen 7 Pro 2700X, Ryzen 7 2700X	–
Ryzen Threadripper (Professional)	desktop	12, 16, 24 and 32 cores/ 24, 32, 48 and 64 threads	180 and 250 watts	Ryzen Threadripper, 2920X, Ryzen Threadripper 2950X, Ryzen Threadripper 2970WX, Ryzen Threadripper 2990WX	–
Ryzen 3 (economical)	desktop	4 cores / 8 threads	65 watts	Ryzen 3 3100, Ryzen 3 3300X, Ryzen 3 4100	Ryzen 3 4300GE, Ryzen 3 4300G	Zen2 architecture (3000 series – third generation – Matisse and Castle Peak); 4000 series (Renoir), integrated chips in two models (Ryzen 3 4100 with four cores and Ryzen 5 4500 with six cores) with passive graphics and six other models with active graphics in two low-power and normal types, with 4, 6 and 8 cores and power consumption of 35 and 65 watts
Ryzen 5 (mid-range)	desktop	6 cores / 6 and 12 threads	65 and 95 watts	Ryzen 5 3500, Ryzen 5 3500X, Ryzen 5 3600, Ryzen 5 Pro 3600, Ryzen 5 3600X, Ryzen 5 3600XT, Ryzen 5 4500	Ryzen 5 4600GE, Ryzen 5 4600G
Ryzen 7 (flagship)	desktop	Eight cores/16 threads	65 and 105 watts	Ryzen 7 Pro 3700, Ryzen 7 3700X, Ryzen 7 3800X, Ryzen 7 3800XT	Ryzen 7 4700GE, Ryzen 7 4700G
Ryzen 9 (flagship)	desktop	12 and 16 cores / 24 and 32 threads	65 and 105 watts	Ryzen 9 3900, Ryzen 9 Pro 3900, Ryzen 9 3900X, Ryzen 9 3900XT, Ryzen 9 3950X	–
Ryzen Threadripper (Professional)	desktop	24, 32 and 64 cores/ 48, 64 and 128 threads	280 watts	Ryzen Threadripper 3960X, Ryzen Threadripper 3970X, Ryzen Threadripper 3990X	–
Ryzen Threadripper Pro (Workstation)	desktop	12, 16, 32 and 64 cores/ 24, 32, 64, 128 threads	280 watts	Ryzen Threadripper Pro 3945WX, Ryzen Threadripper Pro 3955WX, Ryzen Threadripper Pro 3975WX, Ryzen Threadripper Pro 3995WX	–
Ryzen 5 (mid-range)	desktop	6 cores/12 threads	65 watts	Ryzen 5 5500, Ryzen 5 5600, Ryzen 5 5600X	Ryzen 5 5600GE, Ryzen 5 5600G	Zen3 architecture (series 5000 – fourth-generation – Vermeer and Chagall); Integrated chips (Cezanne) with 4, 6, and 8 cores and in two types of low consumption with 35 watts and regular with 65 watts
Ryzen 7 (flagship)	desktop	Eight cores/16 threads	65 and 105 watts	Ryzen 7 5700X, Ryzen 7 5800, Ryzen 7 5800X, Ryzen 7 5800X3D	Ryzen 7 5700GE, Ryzen 7 5700G
Ryzen 9 (flagship)	desktop	12 and 16 cores / 24 and 32 threads	65 and 105 watts	Ryzen 9 5900, Ryzen 9 5900X, Ryzen 9 5950X	–
Ryzen Threadripper (professional and workstation)	desktop	There are 12, 16, 24, 32, 64/ 24, 32, 48, 64 and 128 fields	280 watts	Ryzen Threadripper PRO 5945WX, Ryzen Threadripper PRO 5955WX, Ryzen Threadripper PRO 5965WX, Ryzen Threadripper PRO 5975WX, Ryzen Threadripper PRO 5995WX	–
Ryzen 3	mobile	2 and 4 cores/4 threads	12 to 25 watts	Ryzen 3 2200U, Ryzen 3 2300U, Ryzen 3 3200U, Ryzen 3 3250U		Zen architecture (2000 and 3000 series – Raven Ridge and Dalí)
Ryzen 5	mobile	4 cores / 8 threads	12 to 54 watts	Ryzen 5 2500U, Ryzen 5 2600H
Ryzen 7	mobile	4 cores / 8 threads	12 to 54 watts	Ryzen 7 2700U, Ryzen 7 2800H
Ryzen 3	mobile	Four cores/4 threads	15 watts	Ryzen 3 3300U, Ryzen 3 3350U		Architecture + Zen (Series 3000 – Picasso)
Ryzen 5	mobile	4 cores / 8 threads	15 to 35 watts	Ryzen 5 3450U, Ryzen 5 3500U, Ryzen 5 3500C, Ryzen 5 3550H, Ryzen 5 3580U
Ryzen 7	mobile	4 cores / 8 threads	15 to 35 watts	Ryzen 7 3700U, Ryzen 7 3700C, Ryzen 7 3750H, Ryzen 7 3780U
Ryzen 3	mobile	Four cores/ 4 and 8 threads	10 to 25 watts	Ryzen 3 4300U		Zen2 architecture (4000 and 5000 series – Renoir and Lucienne)
Ryzen 5	mobile	6 cores / 6 and 12 threads	10 to 54 watts	Ryzen 5 4500U, Ryzen 5 4600U, Ryzen 5 4680U, Ryzen 5 4600HS, Ryzen 5 4600H, Ryzen 3 5300U, Ryzen 5 5500U
Ryzen 7	mobile	8 cores / 8 and 16 threads	10 to 54 watts	Ryzen 7 4700U, Ryzen 7 4800U, Ryzen 7 4980U, Ryzen 7 4800HS, Ryzen 7 4800H, Ryzen 7 5700U
Ryzen 9	mobile	Eight cores/16 threads	35 to 54 watts	Ryzen 9 4900HS, Ryzen 9 4900H
Ryzen 3	mobile	2 and 4 cores/ 4 and 8 threads	10 to 25 watts	Ryzen 3 5125C, Ryzen 3 5400U, Ryzen 3 5425U		Zen3 Architecture (Series 5000 – Cezanne and Barceló)
Ryzen 5	mobile	Six cores/12 threads	10 to 35 watts	Ryzen 5 5560U, Ryzen 5 5600U, Ryzen 5 5625U, Ryzen 5 5600H, Ryzen 5 5600HS
Ryzen 7	mobile	8 cores/16 threads	10 to 54 watts	Ryzen 7 5800U, Ryzen 7 5825U, Ryzen 7 5800H, Ryzen 7 5800HS
Ryzen 9	mobile	Eight cores/16 threads	35 to 54 watts	Ryzen 9 5900HS, Ryzen 9 5900HX, Ryzen 9 5980HS, Ryzen 9 5980HX
Ryzen 5	mobile	Six cores/12 threads	15 to 45 watts	Ryzen 5 6600U, Ryzen 5 6600H, Ryzen 5 6600HS		Architecture + Zen3 (6000 series – Rembrandt)
Ryzen 7	mobile	Eight cores/16 threads	15 to 45 watts	Ryzen 7 6800U, Ryzen 7 6800H, Ryzen 7 6800HS
Ryzen 9	mobile	Eight cores/16 threads	35 to 45 watts	Ryzen 9 6900HS, Ryzen 9 6900HX, Ryzen 9 6980HS, Ryzen 9 6980HX

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Intel processors

Intel has been working in the field of processor production for years; This company has released different product series to the market, each of which has its name, generation, series, and model. The main series of Intel processors are Xeon, Core, Pentium, and Celeron.

The price of Intel processors

Processors of other series produced by Intel, such as the Atom series, are used in the production of tablets, mobile phones, netbooks, or industrial systems and workstations.

The naming of Intel processors

Unlike AMD, Intel has complicated naming rules for its processors, which may cause a lot of confusion for customers when choosing and buying. In the following, we will examine the naming of these processors:

Brand Name: Intel’s naming starts with the brand name of the processor and indicates the overall product line for which it created the processor. Today, the most common brand names of Intel processors are Core, Pentium, Celeron, and Xeon. Celeron and Pentium are Intel’s budget processors, and the Core series offers faster performance and more features. Xeon series processors are also known as processors with powerful performance for use in servers and workstations.

Brand ID: This feature is only for Zeon and Core series, and Pentium and Celeron processors do not use this naming convention. In the naming of Core series processors after the brand name and before the model number, one of the identifiers i3, i5, i7, or i9 can be seen; the higher numbers offer a higher level of performance and, in some cases, are also equipped with features such as hyperthreading. For example, a processor with an i7 ID is more potent than an i5 ID and weaker than a processor with an i9 ID.

The Zeon series uses words like Bronze, Silver, Gold, or Platinum to specify the brand ID.

Generation ID and numeric ID: After the brand name and brand ID, the following number refers to the processor family, which is identified by a one or two-digit number. The numerical identifier is usually a three-digit number and is written without a space after the generation identifier. If this identifier was five digits, we consider the first two numbers for the processor generation (10th, 11th, and 12th); otherwise, only the first number indicates the processor generation (9th to 6th). These two identifiers specify the age of the processor and the exact model of the processor, respectively. For example, a processor with 9800 numbers is a 9th generation processor. Currently (early 2022), the newest processors are from the 12th generation and start with the number twelve.

Product Line Extensions: The SKU extension is another critical indicator of processor capabilities. These suffixes are shown at the end of each processor’s name in English letters and indicate the user type of each processor. For example, the letter U in the Intel Core family of processors suggests that the processor is designed for low-power laptops. XE refers to a processor that can perform heavy calculations. Processors with the suffix H or HQ have the very high processing power. Of course, depending on which series the processor is from, the meaning of the suffixes also changes.

6th to 12th generation of Intel processors	Processor type	Architectural name	year of supply	Specifications
The seventh generation	desktop	Kaby Lake – Sky Lake X	2017	14nm, improved graphics performance, LGA-1151 and LGA-2066 sockets for desktop versions, and BGA1356, BGA1440, and BGA1515 for mobile versions – up to 8 MBB L3 cache
	mobile	Kaby Lake – Apollo Lake	Late 2016
The eighth-generation	desktop	Coffee Lake	Late 2017	14 nm – up to 16MBB L3 cache – between 2 and 8 cores – LGA-1151 socket
	mobile	Coffee Lake – Amber Lake	2018 and 2019
Ninth generation	desktop	Coffee Lake Refresh	2018	10nm – up to 1 MBMB L3 cache
tenth generation	desktop	Comet Lake	2020	14 nm – BGA1528 socket for mobile version – LGA-1200 socket for the desktop version
	mobile	Comet Lake – Ice Lake – Amber Lake	2019	10 nm – up to MBMB L3 cache – BGA1536 socket – between 2 and 4 cores
The eleventh generation	desktop	Rocket Lake	2021	14 nm – up to 1MBMB L3 cache – up to 8 seats – LGA-1200 socket
	mobile	Tiger Lake	2021	10 nm – between 2 and 8 chairs – up to 2MBMB L3 cache
The twelfth generation	desktop	Alder Lake	2022	10 or 7 nm (Intel 7) – up to 3MBMB L3 store – up to 16 cores (8+8) – DDR5 RAM – LGA-1700 socket in the desktop version and BGA-1774 in the mobile version
	mobile	Alder Lake	2022

For example, as mentioned, the letter U in the Intel Core series refers to low-power processors in laptops. Still, the same word in the Intel Xeon series refers to processors used in systems with only one processing unit.

Intel processors are significantly improved from generation to generation and support impressive features such as longer battery life, higher frequency (up to 5.3 GHz), Intel WiFi 6, Thunderbolt 3 technology, and 4K HDR technology.

Core processors

Intel Core series processors are from Intel’s flagship processor family. The first processors of this family were released in 2006 as a high-end replacement for Pentium series processors. The Core series is available in i3, i5, i7, i9, and X models, and so far, twelve generations of this processor have been produced, and a new version is unveiled almost every one or two years. In general, in Intel Core series processors:

• The higher the number adjacent to me, the better the processor performs. Be careful that this number has nothing to do with the number of processor cores.
• The newer the generation of processors, the more powerful they are.

Therefore, a processor from the Core i7 family performs better than the Core i5, and the 11th generation Core i9 processor is more powerful than the 10th generation Core i9.

Core desktop processors	Processor generation	Number of cores/threads	Base frequency	cache memory	RAM type	socket	Power	models
i9	12th – Alder Lake	16 (8+8) / 24	2.40 to 3.20 GHz	30 MB	DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200	LGA1700	65 to 125 watts	i9-12900KS, i9-12900K7, i9-12900KF, i9-12900F, i9-12900, i9-12900T
i7	12th – Alder Lake	12 (8+4) / 20	2.10 to 3.60 GHz	25 to 30 MB	DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200	LGA1700	65 to 125 watts	i7-12700, i7-12700F, i7-12700K, i7-12700KF, i7-12700T, i7-11700
i5	12th – Alder Lake	6 (0+6) / 12	1.80 to 3.70 GHz	18 to 25 MB	DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200	LGA1700	35 to 125 watts	i5-12600, i5-12400, i5-12400F, i5-12400T, i5-12500, i5-12500T, i5-12600K, i5-12600KF, i5-12600T
i3	12th – Alder Lake	4 (0+4) / 8	2.10 to 3.50 GHz	12 MB	DDR5-4800, DDR4-3200	LGA1700	35 to 60 watts	i3-12300, i3-12100, i3-12100F, i3-12300T, i3-12100T
i9	11th – Rocket Lake	8/16	1.50 to 3.50 GHz	16 MB	DDR4-3200	LGA1200	35 to 125 watts	i9-11900T, i9-11900KF, i9-11900K, i9-11900F, i9-11900
i7	11th – Rocket Lake	8/16	1.40 to 3.60 GHz	16 MB	DDR4-3200	LGA1200	35 to 125 watts	i7-11700T, i7-11700KF, i7-11700K, i7-11700F
i5	11th – Rocket Lake	6/12	1.50 to 3.90 GHz	12 MB	DDR4-3200	LGA1200	35 to 125 watts	i5-11600T, i5-11600KF, i5-11600K, i5-11600, i5-11500T, i5-11500, i5-11400F
i3	Tenth – Comet Lake	4/8	3.0 to 3.90 GHz	6 MB	DDR4-2666	LGA1200	35 to 65 watts	i3-10325, i3-10305T, i3-10305, i3-10105T, i3-10105, i3-0105F, i3-10100F, i3-10320, i3-10300T, i3-10300, i3-10100T, i3-10100
i9	Tenth – Comet Lake	20/10	1.90 to 3.70 GHz	20 MB	DDR4-2933	LGA1200	65 to 125 watts	i9-10850K, i9-10900T, i9-10900KF, i9-10900K, i9-10900F, i9-10900
i7	Tenth – Comet Lake	8/16	2.0 to 3.80 GHz	16 MB	DDR4-2933	LGA1200	65 to 125 watts	i7-10700T, i7-10700KF, i7-10700K, i7-10700F, i7-10700
i5	Tenth – Comet Lake	6/12	2.30 to 4.10 GHz	12 MB	DDR4-2666	LGA1200	35 to 125 watts	i5-10600T, i5-10600KF, i5-10600K, i5-10600, i5-10500T, i5-10500, i5-10400T, i5-10400F, i5-10400
Series X	Tenth – Comet Lake	10 to 18 / 20 to 38	3.00 to 3.70 GHz	19.3 to 24.8 MB	DDR4-2933	LGA2066	165 watts	i9-10980XE, i9-10940X, i9-10920X, i9-10900X, i9-9980XE, i9-9960X, i9-9940X, i9-9920X, i9-9900X, i9-9820X
i9	9th – Coffee Lake Refresh	8/16	3.60 GHz	16 MB	DDR4-2666	LGA1115	95 watts	9-9900KS, i9-9900T, i9-9900, i9-9900KF, i9-9900K, i7-9700K
i7	9th – Coffee Lake Refresh	6/12	2.40 to 4.0 GHz	12 MB	DDR4-2666	LGA1151	35 to 65 watts	i7-9700T, i7-9700F, i7-9700, i7-9700KF
i5	9th – Coffee Lake Refresh	6/6	1.7 to 3.10 GHz	9 MB	DDR4-2666	LGA1151	35 to 95 watts	i5-9600T, i5-9600, i5-9500T, i5-9500F, i5-9500, i5-9400T, i5-9600KF, i5-9400F, i5-9400, i5-9600k
i3	9th – Coffee Lake Refresh	4/4	3.10 to 4.0 GHz	8 MB	DDR4-2400	LGA1151	35 to 91 watts	i3-9350K, i3-9320, i3-9300T, i3-9300, i3-9100T, i3-9100F, i3-9100, i3-9350KF
i7	8th – Coffee Lake	6/12	2.40 to 4.0 GHz	12 MB	DDR4-2666	LGA1151	35 to 95 watts	i7-8700T, i7-8700, i7-8086K i7-8700K, i7-8700
i5	8th – Coffee Lake	6/6	1.70 to 3.10 GHz	9 MB	DDR4-2666	LGA1115	35 to 95 watts	i5-8600T, i5-8600, i5-8500T, i5-8500, i5-8500, i5-8400T, i5-8400, i5-8600K, i5-8400
i3	8th – Coffee Lake	4/4	3.60 to 4.0 GHz	9 MB	DDR4-2400	LGA1115	65 to 91 watts	i3-8300T, i3-8300, i3-8100T, i3-8350K, i3-8100
Series X	7th – Kaby Lake and Sky Lake X	4 to 18 / 4 to 36	2.6 to 4.30 GHz	6 to 24.8 MB	DDR4-2666	LGA2066	112 to 165 watts	i9-7980XE, i9-7960X, i9-7940X, i9-7920X, i9-7900X, i7-7820X, i7-, 800X, i7-7740X, i5-7640X
i7	7th – Kaby Lake and Sky Lake X	4/8	2.9 to 4.20 GHz	8 MB	DDR4-2133/2400 and DDR3L-1333/1600	LGA2066	35 to 91 watts	i7-7700T, i7-7700K, i7-7700
i5	7th – Kaby Lake and Sky Lake X	4/4	2.4 to 3.8 GHz	6 MB	DDR4-2133/2400 and DDR3L-1333/1600	LGA2066	35 to 65 watts	i5-7600T, i5-7600K, i5-7600, i5-7500T, i5-7500, i5-7400T, i5-7400
i3	7th – Kaby Lake and Sky Lake X	2/4	3.0 to 4.0 GHz	3 and 4 MB	DDR4-2133/2400 and DDR3L-1333/1600	LGA2066	35 to 60 watts	i3-7350K, i3-7320, i3-7300T, i3-7300, i3-7101TE, i3-7101E, i3-, 100T, i3-7100

***

Core mobile processors	Processor generation	Lithography	year of supply	core / string	Power	The highest frequency boost	cache memory	RAM type	models
i9	12th – Alder Lake	In 7	2022	16 and 14 / 24 and 20	55 and 45 watts	5.0 GHz	Up to 30 MB	DDR5 4800, DDR4 3200, LPDDR5 5200, LPDDR4x 4267	i9-12950HX, i9-12900HX, i9-12900HK
i7	12th – Alder Lake	Intel 7	2022	10, 12, 14 and 16 / 12, 16 and 20	Between 9 and 45 watts	4.8 GHz	Up to 24 MB	DDR5 4800, DDR4 3200, LPDDR5 5200, LPDDR4x 4267	i7-12800HX, i7-12850HX, i7-12650HX, i7-12800H, i7-12700H, i7-12650H, i7-1250U, i7-, 255U, i7-1260P, i7-1260U, i7-1265U, i7-1270P, i7 -1280P
i5	12th – Alder Lake	Intel 7	2022	6, 10, 12 / 8, 12, 16	Between 9 and 28 watts	4.4 GHz	Up to 18 MB	DDR5 4800, DDR4 3200, LPDDR5 5200, LPDDR4x 4267	5-12450HX, i5-12600HX, i5-12600H, i5-12500H, i5-2450H, i5-1230U, i5-1235U, i5-1240P, i5-1240U, i5-1245U, i5-1250P
i3	12th – Alder Lake	Intel 7	2022	6, 10 / 8, 12	Between 9 and 28 watts	4.4 GHz	Up to 12 MB	DDR5 4800, DDR4 3200, LPDDR5 5200, LPDDR4x 4267	i3-1210U, i3-1215U, i3-1220P
i9	11th – Tiger Lake	10 nm SuperFin	2021	8/16	35 and 45 watts	5.0 GHz	Up to 24 MB	DDR4 3200	i9-11980HK, i9-11900H
i7	11th – Tiger Lake	10 nm SuperFin	2021	8 and 4 / 16 and 8	28 and 35 watts	5.0 GHz	Up to 12 MB	DDR4 3200	i7-11850H, i7-11800H, i7-11375H, i7-11370H, i7-11375H, i7-11370H, i7-11375H, i7-11370H, i7-1180G7, i7-1160G7, i7-1165G7, i7-1165G7 1165G7
i5	11th – Tiger Lake	10 nm SuperFin	2021	6 and 4 / 12 and 8	up to 28 watts	4.4 GHz	Up to 12 MB	DDR4 3200	i5-11500H, i5-11400H, i5-11260H, i5-11300H, i5-1145G7, i5-1140G7, i5-1130G7, i5-1135G7, i5-1135G7
i3	11th – Tiger Lake	10 nm SuperFin	2021	4 and 8 / 8 and 16	Up to 12 watts	3.9 GHz	Up to 12 MB	DDR4 3200	i3-1125G4, i3-1120G4, i3-10100Y, i3-1125G4, i3-1125G4, i3-1120G4, i3-1115G4, i3-1115G4, i3-1110G4
i9	Tenth – Comet Lake, Ice Lake, and Amber Lake	10 and 14 nm	2020	8/16	45 watts	5.3 GHz	Up to 16 MB	DDR4 2933	i9-10885H, i9-10980HK
i7	Tenth – Comet Lake, Ice Lake, and Amber Lake	10 and 14 nm	2020	4, 6, 8 / 8, 12, 16	up to 45 watts	5.1 GHz	Up to 12 MB	DDR4 2933	i7-10870H, i7-10810U, i7-10610U, i7-1068NG7, i7-10750H, i7-10850H, i7-10875H, i7-10510U, i7-10510Y, i7-10710U, i7-1065G7, i7-1060G7
i5	Tenth – Comet Lake, Ice Lake, and Amber Lake	10 and 14 nm	2020	4/8	up to 45 watts	4.7 GHz	Up to 8 MB	DDR4 2933	i5-10500H, i5-10200H, i5-10310U, i5-1038NG7, i5-10300H, i5-10400H, i5-10310Y, i5-10210Y, i5-1035G4, i5-1035G7, i5-1035G1, i5-1030G7, i5-10310Y 1030G4
i3	Tenth – Comet Lake, Ice Lake, and Amber Lake	10 and 14 nm	2020	2/4	up to 15 watts	4.0 GHz	Up to 4 MB	LPDDR3-2133	i3-10110U, i3-10110Y, i3-1005G1, i3-1000G1, i3-1000G4
i9	9th – Coffee Lake Refresh	14 nm	2019	6 and 8 / 12 and 16	up to 45 watts	5.0 GHz	Up to 16 MB	DDR4 2666	i9-9880H, i9-9980HK
i7	9th – Coffee Lake Refresh	14 nm	2019	6/12	up to 45 watts	4.8 GHz	Up to 12 MB	DDR4 2666	i7-9750H, i7-9750HF, i7-9850H
i5	9th – Coffee Lake Refresh	14 nm	2019	4/8	up to 45 watts	4.3 GHz	Up to 8 MB	DDR4 2666	i5-9300H, i5-9400H, i5-9300HF
i9	8th – Coffee Lake and Amber Lake	14 nm	2018	6/12	Up to 35 watts	4.8 GHz	Up to 12 MB	DDR4 2666	i9-8950HK, i9-8950HK
i7	8th – Coffee Lake and Amber Lake	14 nm	2018	2, 4 / 4, 8	up to 45 watts	4.8 GHz	Up to 8 MB	DDR4 2400	i7-8569U, i7-8665U, i7-8557U, i5-8257U, i7-8557U, i7-8569U, i7-8665U, i7-8750H, i7-8850H, i7-8559U, i7-8700B, i7-8550U, i7-8550U 8650U
i5	8th – Coffee Lake and Amber Lake	14 nm	2018	4/8	up to 28 watts	3.9 GHz	Up to 6 MB	LPDDR3 2133	i5-8279U, i5-8365U, i5-8257U, i5-8265U, i5-8200Y, i5-8400H, i5-8300H, i5-8259U, i5-8269U, i5-8400B, i5-8250U, i5-8350U
i3	8th – Coffee Lake and Amber Lake	14 nm	2018	2 and 4/4	Up to 65 watts	3.9 GHz	Up to 4 MB	DDR4 2400	i3-8100B, i3-8145U, i3-8100H, i3-8130U
i7	Seventh – Kaby Lake and Apollo Lake	14 nm	2017	2 and 4 / 4 and 8	up to 45 watts	4.0 GHz	Up to 8 MB	DDR4 2133	i7-7820HK, i7-7700HQ, i7-7600U, i7-7660U, i7-7560U, i7-7567U, i7-7920HQ, i7-7820HQ
i5	Seventh – Kaby Lake and Apollo Lake	14 nm	2017	2 and 4/4	up to 45 watts	3.8 GHz	Up to 6 MB	DDR4 2133	i5-7300HQ, i5-7267U, i5-7260U, i5-7440HQ, i5-7287U, i5-7300U, i5-7Y57, i5-7360U
i3	Seventh – Kaby Lake and Apollo Lake	14 nm	2017	2/4	Up to 35 watt	A	Up to 4 MB	DDR4 2133	i3-7130U, i3-7167U, i3-7100H

Core i3 processors: These have two cores and four threads, and their cache is usually four or 6MBB. Core i3 processors are more potent than Pentium and Celeron processors and are primarily used in mid-range laptops for daily tasks.

Core i5 processors: these processors have four cores and eight threads, and their cache memory has a capacity of 6 or 8 MB. Core i5 processors are considered mid-range processors; The versions of them with the U suffix are weaker than the processors of this series with the H suffix; For example, Core i5 10310U consumes less power than Core i5 10300H and has lower processing speed and power.

Core i7 processors: these processors are included in the category of powerful Intel Core family processors; They have 4, 6, or 8 cores and benefit from 8, 12, and 16MBB of cache memory. Like Core i5, Core i7 comes with U and H extensions; the H series is more potent than the U series and is mainly used in gaming laptops and laptops for graphic work.

Core i9 processors: Intel’s Core i9 series processors are the most powerful in the Core family and are equipped with eight cores and 16 threads. The cache of these processors has a capacity of 16MBB and is mainly used in devices with cumbersome processing, such as servers and workstations.

Classification of Intel Core processors based on performance:

• 11th generation: from 2020 to 2021; Including Rocket Lake desktop version, Comet Lake R desktop version, Tiger Lake mobile version / 11th generation Intel processors support the new Evo platform and provide high-speed and robust performance.
• 10th generation: from 2019 to 2020; Comet Lake desktop version and Ice Lake mobile version
• Ninth generation: from 2018 to 2019; Redesigned desktop version (R) of Coffee Lake
• The eighth generation, from 2017 to 2019; Coffee Lake, Kaby Lake, Whiskey Lake

In general, the newer the processor generation, the better the performance. For example, the 11th generation Core processors have new connectivity, graphics, and artificial intelligence developments. These processors are extremely thin and more efficient with less power consumption. With the benefit of WiFi 6, they provide a much faster and easier-to-use platform for the user.

Extensions of Core processors	Capabilities
c	Desktop processors with high-end graphics
F	High-performance processors equipped with discrete graphics (for gaming)
H	High-end graphics
K	Processors with overclocking capabilities
M	Mobile processors
Q	Quad-core processors
R	BGA1364-based desktop processors with high-end graphics
S	Processors optimized for everyday applications
T	Power-optimized processors for desktop computing
U	Ultra-low-power processors for laptops
X	Locked for high performance on desktops
Y	Deficient consumption

Xeon processors

Intel Xeon processors have the very high processing power and are used for heavy calculations in advanced workstations or servers. Of course, this series of processors can also be used in home or office systems. Still, due to the high price of these products, there is no logical justification for buying them for tasks such as web browsing and watching videos. Core or even Pentium family processors are more suitable for everyday use.

Intel’s Xeon processors were first introduced in 1998 with support for error correction code (ECC) to protect critical data and are currently offered in four models: D, E, W, and Scalable.

Classification of Intel Xeon processors based on performance:

• Cooper Lake from 2020 to 2021; Gold, Platinum
• Comet Lake from 2020 to 2021; W
• Cascade lake from 2019 to 2020; Platinum, Gold, Silver, Bronze
• Coffee Lake from 2018 to 2019; E

Extensions of Zeon series processors	Capabilities
E	Processors used in hardware
H	Processors capable of supporting high memory (up to 1.12 TB of RAM per socket)HL
L and L	Processors capable of supporting high memory (up to 4.5 TB of RAM)
M	Processors with the ability to support high memory (support up to 2TBB of RAM)
N	Network processors
P	Powerful and high efficiency
R	Updated processors
S	Optimized for search
T	Long life with low processing power
U	For systems with a single processing unit
V	For virtual machines
Y	With the ability to select the speed

Pentium processors

Intel Pentium processors are mid-range and low-end processors, and their advantage over Core and Xeon series processors is their lower prices. These processors can provide the same frequency as the more powerful Core processors but do not benefit from features such as Turbo Boost and hyperthreading. Therefore, if you do not use programs with heavy calculations, a processor from the Pentium family can be considered a suitable choice.

Pentium processors are in Intel’s low-power processor category and are divided into two groups, Silver and Gold. Their difference is in their base frequency; These processors usually have four cores (Quad-Core) and 4MBB of cache memory and are considered more potent than Celeron processors.

Order of Intel Pentium processors based on performance:

• Jasper Lake in 2021; Silver
• Comet Lake from 2019 to 2020; Gold
• Tiger Lake (mobile) from 2019 to 2020; Gold
• Coffee Lake from 2018 to 2019; Gold

Extensions of Pentium series processors	Capabilities
H	high power
U	Average power
T	low power

Celeron processors

Intel’s Celeron processors are a series of affordable desktop and laptop processors based on the quad-core Pentium processor. These processors have less cache memory and lower speed and are suitable for web surfing and running light programs. The first Intel Celeron family processor was introduced in 1998, and since then, Intel has regularly released new generations of this series. Celeron processors are among the most energy-efficient Intel processors and are mainly supplied with two cores (Dual Core) and four megabytes of cache memory.

Order of Intel Celeron processors based on performance:

• Jasper Lake in 2021; N
• Comet Lake from 2019 to 2020; G5
• Tiger Lake (mobile) from 2019 to 2020; 6305
• Coffee Lake from 2018 to 2019; G4

Extensions of Celeron series processors	Capabilities
E	Processors used in hardware
J	Processors with capability; That is, memory areas are separated for storing processor instructions or for storing data.
L	Low-power mobile processors
S	Small form factor processors
P	CPUs or optimal consumption
Q	Quad-core desktop or mobile processors
T	Processors with a wide temperature range
U	Very low-power mobile processors
X	Super powerful desktop or mobile processors

Intel produces hundreds of different processor models and sells more of them in the market every year. In general, it can say that the Core family is the main series of powerful Intel processors for business and personal applications; Xeon processors are specially designed for heavy data processing, Pentium family processors are a cost-effective option, and the Celeron family offers fast performance for light processing.

***

Despite the global crisis of silicon shortage in the market and supply chain problems, the competition between AMD and Intel continues. As mentioned at the beginning of the article, although Intel’s achievements in the processor industry cannot ignore, AMD has also recently made significant progress in this direction. Now that we are familiar with the names and families of Intel and AMD processors and have reviewed the capabilities of each let’s get to know more about the differences in pricing, performance, and efficiency of processors of the same class of these two competitors.

AMD vs. Intel

AMD and Intel have a long history in the semiconductor market. Intel is considered the giant of the technology world and has been leading the field with its processors since IBM. AMD also entered this field relatively early, a little after Intel, and offered more affordable alternatives. The red team beat the blue team for the first time in 2003 with the introduction of the x86_64 processor.

AMD and Intel signed a cross-licensing agreement under which Intel would allow AMD to build x86 processors, and AMD would, in return, enable Intel to use the company’s x86_64 instruction set. After AMD’s first success in the competition with Intel, the name of the red team appeared once again in 2017 with the first generation processors of the Ryzen family in the processor market.

Intel focuses on increasing the power of cores, and AMD on increasing the number of seats.

Currently, with each new generation of the Ryzen family, AMD displays many architectural improvements in them; On the other hand, Intel is struggling with problems such as reducing its production process.

The blue team has been using 10nm and 14nm processes for the production of its products for a long time, and it seems that it has nothing new to say; Even Intel’s 12th generation processors are produced with the same 10nm process; With the difference that now their name has been changed to Intel 7. On the other hand, AMD uses the 7nm process to produce its newest processors; In fact, Intel has its factories for processor production, while AMD outsources its processor production and takes help from third-party manufacturers such as TSMC.

On the other hand, one cannot ignore Intel’s years of experience, and one should not be disappointed with this prominent manufacturer. As it is clear from the naming of the processors of this company and the capabilities provided for each one, the blue team offers a diverse range of products. With whatever budget you have, you can choose a processor of this brand according to your needs.

AMD vs. Intel pricing

In the past, if you were looking for a reasonably priced processor, AMD was considered the best choice. Still, now the red team with its latest generation of Ryzen processors is not much different in price from Intel processors, even offering more expensive processors in some cases.

For example, the Ryzen 9 5900X processor was introduced about $50 more expensive than its predecessor, the Ryzen 9 3900X, and the Ryzen 9 5950X processor, with a factory price of $799, is more costly than the same Intel Core i9-12900K processor. This pattern more or less applies to lower-end processors as well.

On the other hand, if you’re looking for a high-end processor and the cost does not limit you, AMD’s third-generation Threadripper processors are the best choice for professional 3D modelers, animators, filmmakers, and scientists.

AMD vs. Intel performance

In short, if you’re working with high-end computing software, Intel seems like a better choice, but if you’re on a budget, it’s wiser to buy a processor from the Red Team.

Hyperthreading (hybrid architecture) vs. vertical and 3D design to increase the number of cores: Intel processors generally generate less heat and have lower consumption thanks to hyperthreading technology. The company’s flagship products outperform AMD processors in heavy processing, especially in software that performs complex calculations or rendering (such as Photoshop).

Hyperthreading (HyperThreading or HTTP for short) is Intel’s proprietary technology and refers to the ability to divide processing into smaller parts (Threads) and do them simultaneously. This technology addresses two virtual cores for each processing core of the operating system and, if possible, divides the workload between them; As a result, it increases the speed of execution of processes and overall efficiency. In general, it can say that Intel’s approach to producing its next-generation processors is very similar to Apple’s. Apple went to the hybrid architecture in the M1 chip; This architecture offers a combination of powerful and low-power cores that assign tasks to specific substances based on priority and processing needs.

Instead of using hyperthreading technology, AMD has focused on increasing the number of cores, which can increase the processor’s temperature. AMD processors provide dual power to the user with the help of reliable overclocking. AMD processors are generally more reliably overclocked than Intel processors, allowing users to fine-tune devices based on personal preferences.

Benefiting from the overclocking feature can be very efficient for professional users; Because manufacturers limit the performance of the processor to a certain level to guarantee its life; however, users can increase the performance of the same processor by overclocking and manipulating the settings. Of course, be careful that overclocking processors may damage the system by increasing the temperature too much. So if you intend to overclock a processor, knowing the possible risks, manipulate its factory settings.

For example, let’s compare Intel’s Core i9-12900K processor with AMD’s Ryzen 9 5900X: Ryzen 9 5900X comes at a lower price than Core i9-12900K, which has 12 cores and 24 threads, and its boost frequency is 4.8 GHz. and offers 70MBB of cache memory.

In contrast, Core i9-12900K is a 16-core processor with eight powerful dual-threaded cores, and the other eight low-power single-threaded cores have less power. These low-power cores are responsible for the execution of light processing, and with this, the powerful bodies spend all their energy performing heavy processing. That is, the total number of threads available for workloads is the same, but how those threads are used differs.

Hybrid architecture with better resource management brings high performance to processors and increases battery life; On the other hand, it seems that AMD intends to develop the 3D stacking process of the processor with the help of TSMC and introduce more powerful processors with the vertical arrangement.

Cinebench R23 benchmarks for the Core i9-12900K and Core 15-12600K show that the Core i9-12900K outperforms the Ryzen 9 5900X by around 21% in the single-core test and 23% in the multi-core test.

AMD’s Zen 3 architecture in the Ryzen 9 5900X is a generation behind the architecture used in Intel’s Alder Lake family, so such a comparison may not seem very fair, but since these two processors are the best current products of the two competitors, we can In a way, he blamed AMD for delaying the release of its following generation processors.

Gaming: AMD may be considered the winner in the gaming debate.

For example, the Ryzen 7 5800X3D processor provided the same performance as more powerful processors such as the Ryzen 9 5900X or Core i9-12900K only in gaming.

Cache memory: Another factor comparing AMD and Intel processors is cache memory. Cache memory increases processor performance. A cache is a memory that the processor accesses in real-time and frequently, and it is faster than standard RAM. With a refresh rate similar to the actual frequency of the processor, this memory reduces the number of cycles that do not perform processing.

For example, Intel’s i7 2700K processor, like AMD’s FX-8150 processor, has 8MBB of cache memory; This memory in Intel processor is more per core because AMD has eight seats and Intel has only four bodies. Therefore, the cache memory is more concentrated in four centers and can provide more performance.

In general, we can say that Intel processors show better performance for a higher price, and if you have an unlimited budget, Intel will be a better choice; Of course, this performance difference in light processing, such as simple gaming, is relatively insignificant, and it can say that the processors of the same category of the two companies provide an almost similar experience for this type of processing.

In short, if you’re working with high-end computing software, Intel seems like a better choice, but if you’re on a budget, it’s wiser to buy a processor from the Red Team.

Affordable and mid-range processors from AMD and Intel

Intel and AMD have a strong presence in budget and mid-range products, offering almost similar and equal performance.

A series and Athlon vs. Pentium and Celeron series

In terms of budget products, both AMD and Intel offer outstanding outcomes. AMD’s A-series APUs with integrated graphics are popular in ultra-budget systems. The Athlon series, formerly known as the red team’s flagship series, is now used in AMD’s budget systems.

Intel also introduced the Pentium series in the category of financial products, which once related to Intel’s flagship processors, along with the slightly weaker Celeron series.

Most budget AMD and Intel processors are supplied by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and cannot be purchased individually.

AMD’s best budget processor, the Athlon 3000G, can be seen as a good competitor for Intel’s best budget processor, the Pentium Gold 6400G; Both offer similar specs, but the Pentium performs better in some cases.

Ryzen 3 vs. Core i3

Ryzen 3 and Core i3 series processors can be considered competitors, although the strategy and approach of AMD and Intel about these two series are slightly different; AMD only offers the Ryzen 3 family as an OEM to OEMs, meaning that the newer Ryzen 3 models, namely the 4000 series and 5000 series models, can only be obtained in pre-built systems and not sold individually. The best Ryzen 3 processor that can purchase separately is the Ryzen 3 3300X processor, which has been around for several generations.

In contrast, Intel has reduced the production of its Core i3 series processors in the past several generations and offers most of them in embedded versions for laptops. Of course, few processors of this series are still seen in Intel’s 12th generation products.

Currently, the best available Core i3 processor is the i3-12100, and the best available offer for AMD processors is also the Ryzen 3 3300X.

Ryzen 5 vs. Core i5

By introducing the Ryzen 5 series processors, AMD managed to take part in Intel’s market share. The representative of the red team of this series is the Ryzen 5 5600X, which is considered the best choice among mid-range processors. Ryzen 5 5600X is a six-core, 12-thread processor introduced in late 2020 with a factory price of $299. This processor is currently sold for between 220 and 230 dollars.

Ryzen 5 vs. Core i5 processors	Price	Design and architecture	core / string	Base frequency / Boost frequency (on powerful cores)	Base frequency / boost frequency (in low consumption cores) power consumption	Power	Memory	L3 cache
Core i5-12600K / KF	$289 / $264	Alder Lake	10 (6+4) / 16	3.7 / 4.9	2.8 / 3.6	125 watts	DDR4/5-3200/4800	16 MB
Ryzen 5 5600X	$225	Zen3 (Vermeer)	6/12	3.7 / 4.6	–	65 watts	DDR4-3200	32 MB
Ryzen 5 5600G (APU)	$220	Zen3 (Cezanne)	6/12	3.9 / 4.4	–	65 watts	DDR4-3200	16 MB
Ryzen 5 5600	$199	Zen3 (Vermeer)	6/12	3.5 / 4.4	–	65 watts	DDR4-3200	32MBB
Core i5-12400 / F	$192 / $167	Alder Lake	6/12	2.5 / 4.4	–	65 watts	DDR4/5-3200/4800	18 MB
Ryzen 5 3600X	$250	Zen2	6/12	3.8 / 4.4	–	95 watts	DDR4-3200	32 MB
Ryzen 5 3600	$229	Zen2	6/12	3.6 / 4.2	–	65 watts	DDR4-3200	32 MB
Ryzen 5 5500	$159	Zen3 (Cezanne)	6/12	3.6 / 4.2	–	65 watts	DDR4-3200	16 MB
Ryzen 5 4600G (APU)	$154	Zen2 (Renoir)	6/12	3.7 / 4.2	–	65 watts	DDR4-3200	8MBB

Intel has upgraded the Core i5 series in its 12th-generation processors. In this generation, there are three processors from the i5 series, among which the Core i5-12600KF with ten cores and 16 threads, and a price of about $270, is considered the best choice.

Before the introduction of Intel’s 12th generation processors, AMD was leading the race in comparing Ryzen 5 vs. Core i5. Still, it can say that the Core i5-12600KF processor provides better performance than the Ryzen 5 5600X and supports DDR5 memory.

High-end AMD and Intel processors

Intel and AMD compete in the high-end processor market at various levels, from high-performance everyday systems to systems for professional users.

Ryzen 7 vs. Core i7

AMD’s Ryzen 7 and Intel’s Core i7 series processors currently have the same pattern as the Ryzen 5 and Core i5 series processors. Ryzen 7 5700X is an eight-core, 16-thread processor that is one of the best Ryzen 7 series products with a factory price of $449. The best Intel Core i7 processor is currently the Core i7-12700KF, equipped with 12 cores and 20 threads and sold at around $400.

The Core i7-12700KF outperforms the Ryzen 7 5800X and supports DDR5 memory, making it a better proposition overall.

AMD vs. Intel high-end processors	Price	Design and architecture	core / string	Base frequency / Boost frequency (on powerful cores)	Base frequency / Boost frequency (in low-power cores)	Power	Memory	L3 cache
Core i9-12900KS	$739	Alder Lake	16 (8+8) / 24	3.4 / 5.5	2.5 / 4.0	150 watts	DDR4/5-3200/4800	30 MB
Ryzen 9 5950X	$600	Zen3 (Vermeer)	16/32	3.4 / 4.9	–	105 watts	DDR4-3200	64 MB
Core i9-12900K / KF	$589 / $564	Alder Lake	16 (8+8) / 24	3.2 / 5.2	2.4 / 3.9	125 watts	DDR4/5-3200/4800	30 MB
Ryzen 9 5900X	$450	Zen3 (Vermeer)	24/12	3.7 / 4.8	–	105 watts	DDR4-3200	32 MB
Ryzen 7 5800X3D	$449	Zen3 (Vermeer)	8/16	3.4 / 4.5	–	105 watts	DDR4-3200	96 MB
Core i7-12700K / KF	$409 / $384	Alder Lake	12 (8+4) / 20	3.6 / 5.0	2.7 / 3.8	125 watts	DDR4/5-3200/4800	25 MB
Ryzen 7 5800X	$350	Zen3 (Vermeer)	8/16	3.8 / 4.7	–	105 watts	DDR4-3200	32 MB
Ryzen 7 5700X	$299	Zen3 (Vermeer)	8/16	3.4 / 4.6	–	65 watts	DDR4-3200	32 MB
Ryzen 7 5700G (APU)	$295	Zen3 (Cezanne)	8/16	3.8 / 4.6	–	65 watts	DDR4-3200	32 MB

Ryzen 9 vs. Core i9

AMD and Intel also have tough competition in the flagship processor category.

AMD introduces two processors from the Ryzen 9 series: the 5900X with a 12-core and 24-thread design and the 5950x with a 16-core and 32-thread design.

Intel retook the lead from AMD in this ranking with its 12th generation update. The standard model of the i9-12900K processor with an eight-core and 16-thread design is sold for about $600, and the i9-12900KS model with a power of 150 watts is priced between $750 and $800. Intel wins the race again with support for DDR5 memory, and it seems that paying the price difference is worth it.

Threadripper vs. Core X series

The Ryzen Threadripper series is the most powerful AMD processor, and the Ryzen Threadripper 3990X processor, with 64 cores and 128 threads, is considered the most potent member of this family.

Comparison of Threadripper and Core X processors	Price	core/string	Base frequency/boost frequency (GHz)	L3 cache	Power	PCIe	Memory
Ryzen Threadripper 3990X	$3,990	64 / 128	2.9 / 4.2	256 MB	280 watts	72 Gen4 tracks	Four channels of DDR4-3200
Intel W-3175X	$2,999	28/56	3.1 / 4.8	38.5 MB	255 watts	48 Gen3 tracks	Six channels of DDR4-2666
Threadripper 3970X	$1,999	32/64	3.7 / 4.5	128 MB	380 watts	72 Gen4 tracks	Four channels of DDR4-3200
Threadripper 3960X	$1,399	24/48	3.8 / 4.5	128 MB	280 watts	72 Gen4 tracks	Four channels of DDR4-3200
Xeon W-3265	$3,349	24/48	2.7 / 4.6	33 MB	205 watts	64 Gen3 tracks	Six channels of DDR4-2933
Core i9-10980XE	$979	36/18	3.0 / 4.8	24.75 MB	165 watts	48 Gen3 tracks	Four channels of DDR4-2933

On the other hand, when it comes to the highest level of Intel processors, Intel X series processors are at the top; These are fully unlocked versions of Intel’s flagship Core i9 chips, and currently, the Core i9-10980XE is at the top of the line. Intel, like AMD, has not released a new series of these processors for several generations, and it is still unclear whether an update will be released for these two series in the future.

AMD and Intel server and network processors

The number of particular AMD server and network processors is not so much and is limited to EPYC series processors; The Red Team also markets some of its processors with the Pro extension, which is made available to OEMs for use in pre-built systems.

The company acquired Xilinx, a technology company that supplies programmable logic devices, in October 2020 and now expects to see more diversity in AMD server processors in the future and competition between the two.

In contrast, Intel’s network is much more extensive than AMD’s and offers a more diverse range of products suitable for servers. The Xeon and Atom series include Intel’s server processors, and the latter used to be used in low-power systems. The manufacturer also offers other products, including AI-focused Movidius, solutions for embedded processors, storage and networking, and NUC minicomputers.

Where will the competition between AMD and Intel end in the future?

AMD seems to have prepared itself for all possible scenarios that may occur in the future; Also, this manufacturer offers more straightforward and more affordable processors than Intel, and it is becoming more popular among users day by day.

Despite the crisis in the world of chips and the global shortage of semiconductor parts, AMD does not intend to slow down the development of its products; on the other hand, TSMC, the largest independent and specialized semiconductor manufacturer in the world, has also announced that it will focus on its 4 and 3 nm production process for 2022 and 2nm will work after that; Therefore, we can expect that the red team will use these TSMD technologies shortly and provide the impressive performance along with optimal energy consumption.

The acquisition of Xilinx was another step to ensure AMD’s continued progress while Intel still uses the 10nm process. If this company continues on its path, there will be no obstacle to overtaking Intel. Of course, experience has shown that the red team deviates from the right direction after a period of success in the industry and finds its way again after some time.

On the other hand, despite some weaknesses, Intel has always maintained its strength. Recently, with the release of 12th generation processors and supporting impressive capabilities, it is trying to stabilize its role in this industry.

We can be sure that the battle between AMD and Intel will not go anywhere anytime soon, and if there is a change in between, it will only intensify this competition; Because both of these processor manufacturers have made significant progress in 2022, and while it may be safe to say that these two competitors have released their best processors in recent years. Late 2021 and early 2022, each has a very different approach. Have adopted to get out of the impending deadlock of Moore’s law.

The two different approaches of AMD and Intel can fundamentally change the way processors are designed and manufactured in the future and add much more depth and complexity to the competition between AMD and Intel; The interaction of these two technologies in the next few years can shape the way of processing and performing calculations for decades to come.